Introduction & Overview
Common and Scientific Names
- Scientific Name: Anthurium chamulense Matuda.
- Common Name: None widely recognized
Quick Facts
- Origin: Native to Chiapas, Mexico
- Features: Typically found in high-altitude cloud forests. A terrestrial aroid that has glossy, dark green leaves with pronounced venation and a distinctive red spathe that contrasts with the white spadix
Taxonomy & Classification
- Genus: Anthurium
- Botanical Background: First described by Mexican botanist, Francisco Matuda, in the mid-20th century. The name “chamulense” refers to the region of Chiapas, where the species was first identified.
Natural Habitat & Distribution
- Geographical Range: Native to the cloud forests of Chiapas, Mexico, at elevations of 1,500–2,000 meters (4,900–6,600 feet).
- Environment: Thrives in humid, tropical climates with consistent rainfall. Prefers well-drained, acidic soils in areas with moderate light, often found in shaded understory environments of cloud forests.
Morphological Characteristics
Leaves
- Large, glossy, dark green, and heart-shaped
- Prominent, slightly raised veins
- Can grow up to 30 cm (12 inches) in length
- Leaf texture is leathery
Inflorescence (Spadix & Spathe)
- The spathe is typically deep red, standing out against the white spadix
- The spadix is densely packed with small flowers
- Pollination is likely facilitated by insects attracted to the scent
Growth Habit
- Terrestrial, meaning it grows directly in the soil rather than as an epiphyte or climber
- Has a rhizome, which allows it to regenerate after the flowering period
Cultivation & Care
Light Requirements
- Bright, indirect light
- Direct sunlight may scorch its leaves, so placement near a window with filtered light is ideal
Watering & Humidity
- Requires consistent moisture but should not be waterlogged
- Humidity level above 60% is ideal for optimal growth
- Misting or using a humidity tray can help
Soil & Potting Mix
- A well-draining, acidic potting mix, such as a blend of peat, perlite, and orchid bark
- A slightly acidic pH of 5.5–6.5 works best
Temperature & Fertilizer
- Ideal temperature range is 18–27°C (65–80°F)
- Balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength monthly
Propagation Methods
Division
- Can be propagated through rhizome division
- Ensuring each division has a root system
Stem Cuttings (if applicable)
- Stem cuttings with nodes can also be used for propagation
Seeds
- More complex and less commonly practiced among enthusiasts due to its slower and unpredictable germination process
Common Pests & Diseases
Typical Issues
- Spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs
- Root rot can be an issue in poorly drained soils
Treatment Recommendations
- Insecticidal soap or neem oil works well for pest control
- For root rot, ensure that the soil is well-draining, and avoid overwatering
- Use a fungicide to treat fungal infections
Notable Traits & Uses
- Not widely cultivated outside its native range but is prized for its striking foliage and inflorescence
- An attractive specimen for collectors and enthusiasts
- Glossy, dark green leaves and vivid red spathe give it ornamental appeal
- Suitable for tropical and subtropical climates, where it can be grown as a decorative plant
Conservation & Availability
Wild Population Status
- There are no major conservation concerns currently, but like many tropical species, it may be vulnerable to habitat loss due to deforestation in its native region
Market Availability
- Rare in cultivation, though it is occasionally available through specialty nurseries and plant collectors
- Limited distribution and the specific care it requires make it a challenging plant for the casual gardener
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