Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent.

• Genus: Caladium
• Botanical Background: Described by early botanists who specialized in tropical flora, and its popularity has grown through extensive study by institutions like the Missouri Botanical Gardens.

• Geographical Range: Native to the humid, tropical rainforests of South America, where diverse microhabitats support its growth.
• Environment: Thrives in warm, humid conditions with well-draining, rich soil. It typically grows under partial shade in its natural forest understory.

Leaves

• Broadly heart-shaped with a mix of white, green, and sometimes red variegation
• Medium-sized, with a smooth texture and a striking, ornamental appearance

Inflorescence (Spadix & Spathe)

• Produces an inflorescence consisting of a spadix and spathe
• Flowers are less prominent than its foliage. The inflorescence is generally modest in size, aiding in pollination by insects

Growth Habit

• Terrestrial plant grows from a rhizome, forming clumps over time
• Growth habit makes it well-suited for container gardening as well as landscaped beds

Light Requirements

• Flourishes in bright, indirect light, which helps enhance the vividness of its leaf variegation without risking sunburn

Watering & Humidity

• Regular watering is important
• Plant favoring consistently moist (but not waterlogged) soil and high humidity typical of tropical settings

Soil & Potting Mix

• Well-aerated, rich potting mix that retains moisture yet drains effectively is ideal
• Containers with drainage holes are recommended

Temperature & Fertilizer

• Optimal temperatures range from 65°F to 85°F
• Balanced, slow-release fertilizer applied during the growing season supports its vigorous foliage

Division and Cuttings

• Propagation is most commonly achieved through division of the rhizome during repotting
• Ensuring each section has at least one growing point

Seeds

• Propagation is possible, it is less common due to longer germination times and variable outcomes compared to division

Typical Issues

• Spider mites, mealybugs, and fungal root rot
• Regular monitoring and maintaining optimal humidity can help prevent infestations

Treatment Recommendations

• Organic insecticidal soaps or neem oil are effective against pests
• Improving drainage and reducing overwatering can address fungal issues

• Celebrated not only for its decorative foliage but also for its cultural significance in tropical garden design
• Often symbolizes warmth and vibrant growth

• Enthusiasts prize this species for its dramatic variegation and ease of care
• Staple in both indoor and outdoor tropical displays

Wild Population Status

• No major conservation concerns for Caladium bicolor, though habitat preservation in its native tropical regions remains important

Market Availability

• Widely cultivated and available in many garden centers and online nurseries
• Common choice for tropical and ornamental gardening enthusiasts