Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott

• Genus: Colocasia
• Botanical Background: Cultivated for thousands of years, and early botanists and explorers extensively documented its cultural and nutritional significance across Asia and the Pacific.

• Geographical Range: Native to tropical regions of Asia, particularly in areas with abundant water sources
• Environment: Thrives in warm, humid climates with well-drained, organic-rich soil. It is typically found in wetlands, riverbanks, and lowland tropical forests where moisture is plentiful.

Leaves

• Large, heart-shaped, and can reach significant sizes
• Smooth texture with a deep green coloration

Inflorescence (Spadix & Spathe)

• Spadix surrounded by a spathe, usually greenish to brownish in color
• Not highly scented, its structure supports insect pollination

Growth Habit

• Terrestrial plant that grows from a prominent rhizome or corm, which stores nutrients and aids in vegetative propagation

Light Requirements

• Prefers bright, indirect light, although it can tolerate partial shade

Watering & Humidity

• Regular watering is important
• Thrives in high humidity
• Consistent moisture without waterlogging

Soil & Potting Mix

• A well-draining, fertile potting mix enriched with organic matter
• Containers should have adequate drainage to prevent root rot

Temperature & Fertilizer

• Ideal temperature range is between 70°F and 90°F
• Balanced, water-soluble fertilizer applied monthly during the growing season

Division and Cuttings

• Most common method is dividing the corms. Each division should include a portion of the rhizome that has at least one growing point

Seeds

• Seed propagation is possible, it is less common due to the ease and reliability of vegetative division
• Germination requires warm, moist conditions
  

Typical Issues

• Spider mites, aphids, and root rot
• Root rot can occur if overwatered or kept in poorly draining soil

Treatment Recommendations

• Neem oil or insecticidal soap work well for pest control
• Reducing moisture and applying appropriate fungicides

• Holds significant cultural importance in many Pacific and Asian communities
• Features prominently in folklore and traditional cuisine

• Plays an ecological role by providing habitat and food for various wildlife species
• Dramatic foliage and the ease with which it can be incorporated into tropical and water garden designs

Wild Population Status

• Some wild taro populations face habitat pressure

Market Availability

• Widely available in tropical and subtropical regions
• Often found in specialty garden centers and online nurseries