• Genus: Lemna
• Botanical Background: Early botanists highlighted their rapid vegetative reproduction and ease of cultivation, which has made them a subject of continued interest in both academic and applied scientific research.

• Geographical Range: Widely distributed across temperate and subtropical freshwater bodies, including ponds, lakes, and slow-moving streams
• Environment: Thrives in nutrient-rich, calm water conditions. It typically favors environments with moderate to high levels of sunlight and minimal water movement, which support its rapid vegetative growth.

Leaves

• Tiny, oval to elliptical fronds
• Smooth in texture and uniform in green coloration

Inflorescence (Spadix & Spathe)

• Flowering is rare in natural conditions
• Flowers are minute and not the primary mode of reproduction, as vegetative propagation predominates

Growth Habit

• Aquatic, free-floating species
• Lacks conventional roots and instead floats on water surfaces, with its vegetative growth supported by rapid budding from the parent frond

Light Requirements

• Flourishes under bright, indirect light
• Can tolerate some direct sunlight, too intense exposure may lead to overheating

Watering & Humidity

• Maintaining clean, nutrient-balanced water is crucial
• Regular water changes help prevent the buildup of harmful substances

Soil & Potting Mix

• Traditional soil is not used
• Cultivated in containers filled with dechlorinated water or specialized aquatic plant media

Temperature & Fertilizer

• Performs best in water temperatures ranging from 15 to 30 °C
• Balanced aquatic fertilizer can be applied sparingly to support robust growth

Division and Cuttings

• Propagation occurs almost entirely via vegetative reproduction, with new fronds budding off the parent plant

Seeds

• Seed production is uncommon and not a typical propagation method for this species under normal conditions

Typical Issues

• Overgrowth of algae
• Occasional infestations by small aquatic invertebrates that feed on the fronds

Treatment Recommendations

• Maintaining good water quality and regular monitoring are key
• Use gentle, environmentally safe treatments

• Among the smallest flowering plants and is widely used in research related to water purification and rapid biomass production
• Simplicity makes it a popular subject for ecological and genetic studies

• Value this species for its ability to quickly cover water surfaces

Wild Population Status

• Abundant in suitable habitats, and there are currently no major conservation concerns

Market Availability

• Readily available from specialized aquatic plant suppliers and research laboratories
• Accessible for both hobbyists and scientific applications