Typhonium medusae Hett. & Sookch.

• Genus: Typhonium
• Botanical Background: Described by aroid specialists Hetterscheid and Sookchaloem, this species gained attention due to its unusual floral morphology and limited range.

• Geographical Range: Endemic to peninsular Thailand, primarily recorded in lowland forest zones.
• Environment: Prefers shaded forest floors with well-draining, humus-rich soils, found in areas with high annual rainfall and warm temperatures.

Leaves

• Broad, sagittate (arrow-shaped) leaves with a glossy green surface
• Can reach moderate sizes depending on light and moisture levels

Inflorescence (Spadix & Spathe)

• Dark spathe with thread-like, extended tips
• Spadix emits a mild scent, likely to attract carrion-associated pollinators
• Inflorescence emerges close to ground level

Growth Habit

• Terrestrial and tuberous in nature
• Dormant during dry seasons, resprouting with rains

Light Requirements

• Bright, indirect light or dappled shade
• Can tolerate deeper shade, though with reduced flowering
  
• Avoid direct, intense sunlight that can scorch leaves

Watering & Humidity

• Requires regular moisture during active growth
• Allow soil to dry slightly between watering
• Benefits from moderate to high humidity

Soil & Potting Mix

• A well-draining, organic-rich mix (loam, leaf litter, and perlite)
• Use shallow, wide containers to accommodate tuber spread

Temperature & Fertilizer

• Ideal temperature range is 18–30°C (64–86°F)
• Feed with a diluted balanced fertilizer monthly in active periods

Division

• Best propagated through careful division of tubers
• Separate offsets when dormant and replant in fresh soil
  

Stem Cuttings (if applicable)

• Not applicable due to its tuberous growth form

Seeds

• Rarely produced and not well-documented
• Viability may be low without cross-pollination
  

Typical Issues

• Occasional fungal leaf spots in humid conditions
• Snails or slugs may feed on young shoots
• Vulnerable to root rot in overly wet soils
  

Treatment Recommendations

• Use well-draining soil and reduce watering in dormancy
• Apply neem oil or fungicide for leaf issues

• Spathe appendages inspired the name referencing Greek mythology
• May mimic decaying material to attract insect pollinators

• A botanical curiosity for collectors of rare aroids
• Valued for its bizarre, Medusa-like inflorescence

Wild Population Status

• Not formally assessed by the IUCN

Market Availability

• Rare in cultivation and not widely traded
• May appear in specialty plant collections or through botanical exchanges