Xanthosoma paruimaense Croat & Delannay

• Genus: Xanthosoma
• Botanical Background: Described by botanists Croat and Delannay, this species was named for its native locality near the Paruima River, where it was first discovered. It is part of the Xanthosoma genus, which has various species commonly found in tropical regions.

• Geographical Range: Native to the rainforests of Panama and Costa Rica
• Environment: Thrives in high-humidity environments with well-draining, rich, organic soils. It is adapted to warm climates with temperatures between 20°C and 30°C (68°F to 86°F), similar to the conditions found in its native rainforest habitat.

Leaves

• Large, broad, and glossy, with a deep green coloration
• heart-shaped, with prominent veins creating a dramatic, textured appearance

Inflorescence (Spadix & Spathe)

• Spadix of this species is surrounded by a spathe, a characteristic feature of the Aroid family
• Spathe is typically green, and the spadix, though not prominently scented, attracts pollinators through its unique structural traits

Growth Habit

• Terrestrial, growing from an underground rhizome
• Does not climb or spread aggressively, instead forming dense clusters of large leaves
• Attractive groundcover in tropical gardens

Light Requirements

• Bright; indirect light
• Direct sunlight can scorch its leaves

Watering & Humidity

• Regular watering is essential to maintain consistent moisture in the soil 
• Should not be waterlogged
• High humidity is ideal for this species
  
• Benefits from misting or placement in a humidity tray

Soil & Potting Mix

• A well-draining, rich organic soil mix is recommended
• Peat-based mixes with added perlite or bark for aeration work best to keep the roots healthy and prevent root rot

Temperature & Fertilizer

• Prefers a temperature range of 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F)
• During the growing season, a balanced liquid fertilizer can be applied once a month to encourage healthy growth

Division

• Most common method of propagation is by dividing the rhizomes
• Division should include a portion of the root system and at least one active shoot to ensure successful growth

Seeds

• Propagation is possible, it is less commonly used due to the slow germination process and potential variability in results
• Seeds should be kept in moist, warm conditions to encourage germination

Typical Issues

• Spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs
• Root rot is a concern if the plant is overwatered or if the soil is not well-drained

Treatment Recommendations

• To treat pests, insecticidal soap or neem oil can be applied
• For root rot, the affected roots should be pruned
• Should be repotted in fresh, well-draining soil.
• Avoid overwatering to prevent future issues

• Named after the Paruima River in Panama, where it was first discovered
• Known for both its edible species (like X. sagittifolium, or "malanga") and its ornamental varieties

• Large, striking green leaves, making it an excellent choice for ornamental planting in tropical and subtropical gardens
• Can be used to create lush, shaded areas in garden designs

Wild Population Status

• No significant conservation concerns
• Habitat loss in tropical regions could pose future risks

Market Availability

• Rare in cultivation and not typically found in mass-market nurseries
• Available through specialized nurseries focused on tropical plants and aroids