References on Aroid Pollination and Ecology

Marc Gibernau has graciously shared his list of references on Aroid pollination and ecology, and grated us permission to link a selection of his papers here. We will be adding links to papers for both the public and IAS Members as time and copyright allow.

Many older references, particularly on insects, are available thanks to D.C. Drummond who provided paper copies to Marc Gibernau.

NOTE: The papers here are generally posted with the permission of an author or the publisher, or with expired copyright, and are presented for the purpose of furthering an ongoing academic discussion. However, there are a large number of papers gleaned from a large number of sources and sometimes things fall through the cracks. If you hold rights to a paper linked here, and believe that it has been posted in violation of copyright, please contact Albert Huntington to have it removed immediately with our sincere apologies.

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

A

Acebey, A., T. Krömer, B. L. Maass and M. Kessler 2010. Ecoregional distribution of potentially useful species of Araceae and Bromeliaceae as non-timber forest products in Bolivia. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 2553-2564.

Acebey, A. and T. Krömer 2008. Diversidad y distribucion de Araceae de la reserva de la biosfera Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 79: 465-471.

Adler, I., D. Barabé and R. V. Jean 1997. A History of the study of phyllotaxis. Annals of Botany 80: 231-244.

Affourtit, C. and A. L. Moore 2004. Purification of the plant alternative oxidase from Arum maculatum: measurement, stability and metal requirement. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1608: 181-189.

Ahmed, Z. F., M. A. El-Keiy, A. M. Rizk, F. M. Hammouda and E. F. Abdel-Bary 1968. Phytochemical studies on Egyptian Araceae species. Planta Medica 16: 282-293.

Aizpuri, I., J. Garmendia, I. Olariaga, J. Terés, I. Zendoia and J. Vivant 2004. Contribuciones al conocimiento de la flora del Pais Vasco (VI). Munibe 55: 147-154.

Albre, J., A. Quilichini and M. Gibernau 2003. Pollination ecology of Arum italicum (Araceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141(2): 205-214.

Albre, J. and M. Gibernau 2008. Reproductive biology of Arum italicum (Araceae) in South of France. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 156: 43-49.

Allen, A. K. 1995. Purification and characterization on an N-acetyllactosamine-specific lectin from tubers of Arum maculatum. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1244: 129-132.

Allen, B. M. 1972. Notes on two species of Arisarum in south-west Spain. Kew Bulletin 26(1): 59-60.

Andrade, I. M., S. J. Mayo, C. Van den Berg, M. F. Fay, M. Chester, C. Lexer and D. Kirkup 2007. A preliminary study of genetic variation in populations of Monstera adansonii var. klotzschiana (Araceae) from north-east Brazil, estimated with AFLP molecular markers. Annals of Botany 100: 1143-1154.

Andrade, I. M., S. J. Mayo, C. Van den Berg, M. F. Fay, M. Chester, C. Lexer and D. Kirkup 2009. Genetic variation in natural populations of Anthurium sinuatum and A. pentaphyllum var. pentaphyllum (Araceae) from north-east Brazil using AFLP molecular markers. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 159: 88-105.

Andrade, I. M., S. J. Mayo, D. Kirkup and C. Van den Berg 2008. Comparative morphology of populations of Monstera Adans. (Araceae) from natural forest fragments in Northeast Brazil using elliptic Fourier analysis of leaf outlines. Kew Bulletin 63: 193-211.

Andrade, I. M., S. J. Mayo, D. Kirkup and C. Van den Berg 2010. Elliptic Fourier analysis of leaf shape of Anthurium sinuatum Benth. ex Schott and A. pentaphyllum (Aubl.) G. Don (Araceae) in forest fragment populations from Northeast Brazil. Kew Bulletin 65: 1-18.

Andrade, I. M. and S. J. Mayo 2000. Dynamic shoot morphology in root-climbing Araceae: Philodendron rudgeanum Schott and Ph. fragrantissimum (Hook.) G.Don. Feddes Repertorium 111(5-6): 295-314.

Anger, E. M. and M. Weber 2006. Pollen-wall formation in Arum alpinum. Annals of Botany 97: 239-244.

Angioy, A.-M., I. Urru and I. Collu 2001? Helicodiceros in Sardinia. Web site: 3.

Angioy, A.-M., M. C. Stensmyr, I. Urru, M. Puliafito, I. Collu and B. S. Hansson 2004. Function of the heater: the dead horse arum revisited. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 271((Suppl.) - Biology letters): S13-S15.

ap Rees, T., B. W. Wright and W. A. Fuller 1977. Measurements of starch breakdown as estimates of glycolysis during thermogenesis by the spadix of Arum maculatum L. Planta 134: 53-56.

ap Rees, T., W. A. Fuller and B. W. Wright 1976. Pathways of carbohydrate oxidation during thermogenesis by the spadix of Arum maculatum. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 437: 22-35.

Araceae). American Journal of Botany 80(7): 769-777.

Aragon, S. L., K.-C. Chuang and A. R. Kuehnle 2004. An effective method for co-isolating nucleic acids from horticultural aroids. HortScience 39(1): 177-180.

Arcangeli, G. 1886. Osservazioni sull'impollinazione in alcune Araceae. Ricerche e Lavori nell'Insituto Botanico della Reala Universita di Pisa: 29-53.

Arcangeli, G. 1886. Osservazioni sulla fioritura dell'Arum pictum L. Ricerche e Lavori nell'Insituto Botanico della Reala Universita di Pisa I: 108-109.

Arcangeli, G. 1886. Sopra la fioritura del Dracunculus crinitus Schott. Ricerche e Lavori nell'Insituto Botanico della Reala Universita di Pisa: 57-59.

Arcangeli, G. 1890. Altre osservazioni sul Dracunculus vulgaris (L.) Schott,e sul suo processo d'impollinazione. Malphigia 4: 254-261.

Arends, J. C., J. D. Bastmeijer and N. Jacobsen 1982. Chromosome numbers and taxonomy in Cryptocoryne (Araceae). II. Nordic Journal of Botany 2(5): 453-463.

Armitage, E. 1921. Some observations on Arum maculatum L. Lancaster & Cheshire Naturalist 13(7): 121-124.

Austen, E. E. 1896. Necrophagous diptera attracted by the odour of flowers. Annals of the Magazine of Natural History Zoology Botany Geology 18: 237-240.

B

Baez, M. and F. Vaillant 198? Psychoda nugatrix n. sp. et étude des espèces du genre Psychoda Latreille (Diptera, Psychodidae). ???: 277-281.

Baillon, H. 1895. Histoire des plantes. Paris, Librairie Hachette & Cie.

Banerji, I. 1947. Life history of Typhonium trilobatum Schott. Proceedings of the National Institute of Science of India 13(5): 207-230.

Barabé, D., A. Bruneau, F. Forest and C. Lacroix 2002. The correlation between development of atypical bisexual flowers and phylogeny in the Aroideae (Araceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 232: 1-19.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix, A. Bruneau, A. Archambault and M. Gibernau 2004. Floral development and phylogenetic position of Schismatoglottis (Araceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 165(1): 173-189.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix, M. Chouteau and M. Gibernau 2004. On the presence of extracellular calcium oxalate crystals on the inflorescences of Araceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146(2): 181-190.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix and B. Jeune 19?? Développement de la fleur et de l'inflorescence du Philodendron fragrantissimum (Araceae). ??? ???: 5.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix and B. Jeune 2000. Development of the inflorescence and flower of Philodendron fragrantissimum (Araceae): a qualitative and quantitative study. Canadian Journal of Botany 78: 557-576.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix and B. Jeune 2002. Developmental morphology of normal and atypical flowers of Philodendron insigne (Araceae): a new case of homeosis. Canadian Journal of Botany 80: 1160-1172.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix and B. Jeune 2002. Study of homeosis in the flower of Philodendron (Araceae): a qualitative and quantitative approach. Annals of Botany 90: 579-592.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix and B. Jeune 2004. The game of numbers in homeotic flowers of Philodendron (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 82: 1459-1467.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix and M. Gibernau 2003. Development of the flower and inflorescence of Arum italicum (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 81: 622-632.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix and M. Gibernau 2004. Aspects of floral morphology in Ambrosina and Arisarum (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 82(2): 282-289.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix and M. Gibernau 2011. Floral development of Urospatha, merosity and phylogeny in the Lasioideae (Araceae). Plant Systematics & Evolution 296: 41-50.

Barabé, D., C. Lacroix and M. Gibernau 2012. Developmental floral morphology of Syngonium in the context of the tribe Caladieae (Araceae). Willdenowia 42: 297-305.

Barabé, D., K. Lavallée and M. Gibernau 2008. Pollen viability and germination in some Neotropical Aroids. Botany 86(98-102).

Barabé, D., L. Chrétien and S. Forget 1987. On the pseudomonomerous gynoecia on the Araceae. Phytomorphology 37(2-3): 139-143.

Barabé, D., M. Gibernau and F. Forest 2002. Zonal thermogenetic dynamics of two Philodendron species from two different subgenera (Araceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 139(1): 79-86.

Barabé, D., S. Forget and L. Chrétien 1986. Sur les gynécées pseudo-monomères: cas de Symplocarpus (Araceae). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris, Série III 302(11): 429-434.

Barabé, D., S. Forget and L. Chrétien 1987. Organogenèse de la fleur de Symplocarpus foetidus (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 65: 446-455.

Barabé, D. 1982. Vascularisation de la fleur de Symplocarpus foetidus (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 60(8): 1536-1544.

Barabé, D. 1984. Vascularisation de la fleur de Lysichitum camtschatcense (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 62(10): 1971-1983.

Barabé, D. 1987. La néoténie chez les Araceae (Angiospermae). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris, Série III 305: 609-612.

Barabé, D. 1994. Développement et phyllotaxie de l'inflorescence du Symplocarpus foetidus (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 72: 715-725.

Barabé, D. 1995. Phyllotaxis: open and closed systems. Journal of Biological Systems 3(4): 917-927.

Barabé, D. and C. Bertrand 1996. Organogénie florale des genres Culcasia et Cercestis (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 74: 898-908.

Barabé, D. and C. Lacroix 1999. Homeosis, morphogenetic gradient and the determination of floral identity in the inflorescences of Philodendron solimoesense (Araceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 219: 243-261.

Barabé, D. and C. Lacroix 2000. Homeosis in Araceae flowers: the case of Philodendron melinonii. Annals of Botany 86: 479-491.

Barabé, D. and C. Lacroix 2001. Aspects of floral development in Philodendron grandifolium and Philodendron megalophyllum (Araceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 162(1): 47-57.

Barabé, D. and C. Lacroix 2001. The developmental floral morphology of Montrichardia arborescens (Araceae) revisited. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 135: 413-420.

Barabé, D. and C. Lacroix 2002. Aspects of floral development in Caladium bicolor (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 80: 899-905.

Barabé, D. and C. Lacroix 2008. Developmental morphology of the flower of Anaphyllopsis americana and its relevance to our understanding of basal Araceae. Botany 86: 1467-1473.

Barabé, D. and C. Lacroix 2008. Developmental morphology of the flower of Anthurium jenmanii: a new element in our understanding of basal Araceae. Botany 86: 45-52.

Barabé, D. and C. Lacroix 2008. Hierarchical developmental morphology: the case of the inflorescence of Philodendron ornatum (Araceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 169(8): 1013-1022.

Barabé, D. and L. Chrétien 1985. Anatomie florale de Monstera deliciosa (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 63: 1423-1428.

Barabé, D. and L. Chrétien 1986. Anatomie florale de Spathicarpa sagittifolia (Araceae). Beitr. Biologie Pflanzen 60(3): 403-412.

Barabé, D. and L. Chrétien 1986. Vascularisation de la fleur de Spathiphyllum wallisii. Canadian Journal of Botany 64: 1397-1401.

Barabé, D. and M. Gibernau 2000. Etude comparative de la production de chaleur chez quelques Araceae. Adansonia, sér. 3 22: 253-263.

Barabé, D. and M. Gibernau 2010. Thermogenic patterns in Philodendron ornatum and P. grandifolium: a comparative analysis. Aroideana 33: 192-200.

Barabé, D. and M. Labrecque 1983. Vascularisation de la fleur de Calla palustris (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 61: 1718-1726.

Barabé, D. and M. Labrecque 1985. Vascularisation de la fleur d'Orontium aquaticum L. (Aracées). Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 132(2): 133-145.

Barabé, D. and R. V. Jean 1996. The constraints of global form on phyllotactic organization: the case of Symplocarpus (Araceae). Journal of theoretical Biology 178: 393-397.

Barabé, D. and S. Forget 1987. Analyse phylogénique des Calloideae (Araceae). Naturalsite canadien (Revue d'Ecologie et Systématique) 114: 487-494.

Barabé, D. and S. Forget 1988. Anatomie des fleurs fertiles et stériles de Zamioculcas (Araceae). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoires naturelles de Paris, 4e série, section B, Adansonia 10(4): 411-419.

Barabé, D. and S. Forget 1988. Anatomie florale de l'Aglaonema pictum (Araceae). Beiträge zur Biologie der Pflanzen 63: 453-462.

Barabé, D. and S. Forget 1992. Anatomir florale des Culcasia (Araceae). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoires naturelles de Paris, 4e série, section B, Adansonia 14(2): 263-278.

Barahona Carvajal, M. E. 1977. Estudio morfologico comparativo de las inflorescencias de dos especies de Araceae: Anthurium denudatum Engler y Philodendron radiatum Schott. Revista de Biologia Tropical 25(2): 301-333.

Barnes, E. 1934. Some observations on the genus Arisaema on the Nilgiri hills, South India. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society 37: 629-639.

Barre, A., E. J. M. Van Damme, W. J. Peumans and P. Rougé 1996. Structure-function relationship of monocot mannose-binding lectins. Plant Physiology 112: 1531-1540.

Barriault, I., D. Barabé, L. Cloutier and M. Gibernau 2010. Pollination ecology and reproductive success in Jack-in-the Pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) in Québec (Canada). Plant Biology 12(1): 161-171.

Barriault, I., M. Gibernau and D. Barabé 2009. Flowering period, thermogenesis, and pattern of visiting insects in Arisaema triphyllum (Araceae) in Quebec. Botany 87: 324-329.

Barroso, A., F. Amor, X. Cerda and R. R. Boulay 2013. Dispersal of non-myrmecochorous plants by a "keystone disperser" ant in a Mediterranean habitat reveals asymmetric interdependence. Insectes Sociaux 60: 75-76.

Barth, C., G. H. Krause and K. Winter 2001. Responses of photosystem I compared with photosystem II to high-light stress in tropical shade and sun leaves. Plant Cell and Environment 24: 163-176.

Barthlott, W., J. Szarzynski, P. Vlek, W. Lobin and N. Korotkova 2008. A torch in the rain forest: thermogenesis of the Titan arum (Amorphophallus titanum). Plant Biology 11(4): 499-505.

Bastien, D. and M. Belin-Depoux (1998). L'association Philodendron - fourmis - aleurodes en Guyane française. 6e journées du groupe de travail relations insectes-plantes, Lusignan, France.

Bastmeijer, J. D., Y. S. Kumamoto and N. Jacobsen 2002. Cryptocoryne yujii, C. uénoi, C. cordata complex, C. purpurea nothovar borneoensis. Aqua Planta 27(4): 145-146, 147-149, 150-151, 152-154.

Battandier, M. 1881. Notes sur un Biarum d'Algérie, précédée de quelques mots sur l'espèce. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 28(11 Novembre): 264-272.

Bawa, K. S. and J. H. Beach 1981. Evolution of sexual systems in flowering plants. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 68: 254-274.

Bay, D. C. 1995. Thermogenesis in the Aroids. Aroideana 18: 32-39.

Beath, D. N. 1996. Pollination of Amorphophallus johnsonii (Araceae) by carrion beetles (Phaeochrous amplus) in a Ghanaian rain forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 12: 409-418.

Beath, D. N. 1998. Pollination ecology of the Araceae. Web site www.aroid.org/pollination/beath/index.html: 7.

Beath, D. N. 1999. Dynastine scarab beetle pollination in Dieffenbachia longispatha (Araceae) on Barro Colorado Island (Panama) compared with La Selva biological station (Costa Rica). Aroideana 22: 63-71.

Bedalov, M., P. Bianco, P. Medagli and S. D'Emerico 1993. Considerazioni tassonomiche su Arum alpinum Schott et Kotschy, Arum cylindraceum Gasparr, e Arum lucanum Cavara et Grande. Webbia 48: 209-212.

Bedalov, M. 1981. Cytotaxonomy of the genus Arum (Araceae) in the Balkans and the Aegean area. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik 102(1-2): 183-200.

Bedalov, M. 1984. A new pentaploid of the genus Arum (Araceae). Botanica Helvetica 94(2): 385-390.

Bedalov, M. and M. Hesse 1989. On some pollen types within Arum (Araceae). Plant Systematics & Evolution 166: 41-44.

Bedalov, M. and P. Küpfer 2005. Studies on the genus Arum (Araceae). Bulletin de la Société Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles 128: 43-70.

Behnke, H.-D. 1995. P-type sieve-elements platids and the systematics of the Arales (sensu Cronquist 1988) - with S-type plastids in Pistia. Plant Systematics and Evolution 195: 87-119.

Behnke, H.-D. 2003. Sieve-element plastids and evolution of monocotyledons, with emphasis on Melanthiaceae sensu lato and Aristolochiaceae-Asaroideae, a putative dicotyledon sister group. The Botanical Review 68(4): 524-544.

Behnke, H.-D. and W. Barthlott 1983. New evidence from the ultrastructural and micromorphological fields in angiosperm classification. Nordic Journal of Botany 3: 43-66.

Belin-Depoux, M. 1978. Sur la présence de territoires foliaires glandularisés chez Alocasia Schott (Araceae). Revue Générale de Botanique 85: 211-200.

Bendall, D. S. and R. Hill 1955. Cytochrome components in the spadix of Arum maculatum. New Phytologist 55(2): 206-212.

Bentes Gama, M. M., A. H. Vieira and R. B. Rocha 2013. Ecological features of titica vine (Heteropsis flexuosa (Kunth) GS Bunting) in Rondônia State, Northwest Brazilian Amazon. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 85(3): 1117-1125.

Bermadinger-Stabentheiner, E. and A. Stabentheiner 1995. Dynamics of thermogenesis and structure of epidermal tissues in inflorescences of Arum maculatum. The New Phytologist 131: 41-50.

Bernard-Nénault, C. and J. Miège (1999). Arales. Dictionnaire de la Botanique. D. Lavergne. Paris, Albin Michel: 77-83.

Bertsova, Y. V., V. N. Popov and A. V. Bogachev 2004. NADH oxidation by mitochondria from the thermogenic plant Arum orientale. Biochemistry (Moscow) 69(5): 580-584.

Beuret, E. 1971. Répartition géographique de quelques Arum des groupes maculatum L. et italicum Mill. Bulletin de la Société Neuchateloise de Sciences Naturelles 94: 29-36.

Beuret, E. 1977. Contribution à l'étude de la distribution géographique et de la physiologie de taxons affines di- et polyploides. Bibliotheca Botanica 133: 1-80.

Bharathan, G. and N. R. Sinha 2001. The regulation of compound leaf development. Plant Physiology 127: 1533-1538.

Bianco, P., S. D'Emerico, P. Medagli and M. Bedalov 1994. Indagini sistematiche su Arum apulum (Carano) Bedalov (Araceae), entità endemica delle Murge Pugliesi. Webbia 49(1): 43-49.

Bickel, A. M. and D. C. Freeman 1993. Effects of pollen vector and plant geometry on floral sex ratio in monoecious plants. The American Midland Naturalist 130(2): 239-247.

Bierzychudek, P. 1981. Pollinator limitation of plant reproductive effort. The American Naturalist 117: 838-840.

Bierzychudek, P. 1982. Life histories and demography of shade-tolerant temperate forest herbs:a review. New Phytologist 90: 757-776.

Bierzychudek, P. 1982. The demography of jack-in-the-pulpit, a forest perennial that changes sex. Ecological Monographs 52(4): 335-351.

Bierzychudek, P. 1984. Assessing "optimal" life histories in a fluctuating environment: the evolution of sex-changing by jack-in-the-pulpit. The American Naturalist 123(6): 829-840.

Bierzychudek, P. 1984. Determinants of gender in Jack-in-the pulpit: the influence of plant size and reproductive history. Oecologia 65: 14-18.

Bilgin, A., M. Kilinç, H. G. Kutbay, E. Yalçin and R. Hüseyinova 2009. Effects of sexual reproduction on growth and vegetative propagation in Arum maculatum L. (Araceae): in-situ removal experiments. Polish Journal of Ecology 57(2): 377-384.

Billiet, F. 2004. Phenology of tropical and subtropical plants in greenhouses in the National Botanic Garden of Belgium. Scripta Botanica Belgica 29: 39-54.

Blackith, R. and R. Blackith 1993. Diptera (Insecta) attracted to the Dragon's mouth lily (Dracunculus vulgaris Schott) in Ireland. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society 16: 2-7.

Blaringhem, L. 1933. La fièvre des Arum. Comptes Rendus (de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris) 197(séance du 18 décembre): 1551-1554.

Bloch, R. 1946. Differentiation and pattern in Monstera deliciosa. The idioblastic development of the trichoslereids in the air root. American Journal of Botany 33(June): 544-551.

Blüthgen, N., M. Verhaagh, W. Goitia, K. Jaffé, W. Morawetz and W. Barthlott 2000. How plants shape the ant community in the Amazonian rainforest canopy: the key role of extrafloral nectaries and homopteran honeydew. Oecologia 125: 229-240.

Bogner, J., G. L. Hoffman and K. R. Aulenback 2005. A fossilized aroid infructescence, Albertarum pueri gen.nov. et spec.nov., of Late Cretaceous (Late Campanian) age from the Horseshoe canyon formation of southern Alberta, Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 83: 591-598.

Bogner, J. 1972. Revision der Arophyteae (Araceae). Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik 92(1): 1-63.

Bogner, J. 1981. Pseudohydrosme gabunensis Engl. Aroideana 4: 31-37.

Bogner, J. 1983. A new Hottarum (Araceae) species from Borneo. Plant Systematics and Evolution 142: 49-55.

Bogner, J. 1984. A new Stylochaeton species (Araceae) from East Africa. Plant Systematics and Evolution 144: 77-81.

Bogner, J. 1984. On Hapaline appendiculata and Phymatarum borneense, two rare Araceae from Borneo. Plant Systematics and Evolution 144: 59-66.

Bogner, J. 1987. Morphological variation in aroids. Aroideana 10(2): 4-15.

Bogner, J. 1995. A remarkable new Amorphophallus (Araceae) from India. Kew Bulletin 50(2): 397-400.

Bogner, J. 2004. Cryptocoryne sivadasanii (Araceae), a new species from India. Willdenowia 34: 195-201.

Bogner, J. 2008. Gorgonidium beckianum (Araceae), a new species from Bolivia. Willdenowia 38: 195-200.

Bogner, J. 2009. The free-floating Aroids (Araceae) - living and fossil. Zitteliana A 48/49: 113-128.

Bogner, J. and A. Hay 2000. Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) in Malesia II - Aridarum, Bucephalandra, Phymatarum and Piptospatha. Telopea 9(1): 179-221.

Bogner, J. and D. H. Nicolson 1988. Revision of the South American genus Gorgonidium Schott (Araceae: Spathicarpeae). Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik 109(4): 529-554.

Bogner, J. and E. G. Gonçalves 1999. The genus Gearum N. E. Brown (Araceae: Tribe Spathicarpeae). Aroideana 22: 20-29.

Bogner, J. and E. G. Gonçalves 2005. Two new species of Xanthosoma (Araceae) from South America and notes on the tribe Caladieae. Willdenowia 35: 333-344.

Bogner, J. and P. Boyce 2008. Eminium jaegeri (Araceae), a new species from northwestern Iran. Willdenowia 38: 149-153.

Bogner, J. and P. C. Boyce 1994. Scindapsus lucens (Araceae: Monsteroideae), a new species related to Scindapsus pictus. Kew Bulletin 49(4): 789-792.

Bogner, J. and P. C. Boyce 2009. Studies on the Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo VI: A new Schismatoglottis species from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 60(2): 1-9.

Bogner, J. and V. D. Nguyen 2008. A new Homalomena species (Araceae) from Vietnam. Willdenowia 38: 527-531.

Boles, R. L., J. Lovett-Doust and L. Lovett-Doust 1999. Population genetic structure in green dragon (Arisaema dracontium, Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 77: 1401-1410.

Bonora, A., S. Pancaldi, R. Gualandri and M. P. Fasulo 2000. Carotenoid and ultrastructure variations in plastids of Arum italicum Miller fruit during maturation and ripening. Journal of Experimental Botany 51(346): 873-884.

Boorman, J. 1986. British Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae): notes on distribution and biology. Entomologist's Gazette 37: 253-266.

Boos, J. O. 1993. Experiencing Urospathas. Aroideana 16: 33-36.

Borg-Karlson, A.-K., F. O. Englund and C. R. Unelius 1994. Dimethyl oligosulphides, major volatiles released from Sauromatum guttatum and Phallus impudicus. Phytochemistry 35(2): 321-323.

Borkent, A. and J. Bissett 1985. Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are vectors for their fungal symbionts. Symbiosis 1: 185-194.

Boubes, C. and D. Barabé 1996. Développement de l'inflorescence et des fleurs du Philodendron acutatum Schott (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 74: 909-918.

Boubes, C. and D. Barabé 1997. Flower and inflorescence development in Montrichardia arborescens (L.) Schott (Araceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 158(4): 408-417.

Boyce, P. 1986. Observations on aroids. Quaterly Bulletin of the Alpine Garden Society 54(1): 35-42.

Boyce, P. 1987. A new species of Arum L. from Crete. Aroideana 10(1): 6-8.

Boyce, P. 1989. A new classification of Arum with keys to the infrageneric taxa. Kew Bulletin 44(3): 383-395.

Boyce, P. 1990. Friar's cowls and mouse plants - the genus Arisaema. The Kew Magazine 7(1): 14-21.

Boyce, P. 1993. The Genus Arum. London, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Boyce, P. 1994. The genera Dracunculus and Helicodiceros (Araceae: Aroideae). Thaiszia - J. Bot., Kosice 4: 175-182.

Boyce, P. 1994. The genus Arum (Araceae) in Greece and Cyprus. Ann. Musei Goulandris 9: 27-38.

Boyce, P. 1995. Aroid portraits. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 12(3): 127-146.

Boyce, P. 2000. The genus Pothos (Araceae-Pothoideae-Potheae) of Thailand and Indochina. Blumea 45(1): 147-204.

Boyce, P. 2000. The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in the southern and western Indonesian archipelago. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 52: 101-183.

Boyce, P. 2001. The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 53: 19-74.

Boyce, P. 2001. The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in New Guinea, Australia and the tropical western Pacific. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 53: 75-183.

Boyce, P. 2006. Arum - a decade of change. Aroideana 29: 132-137.

Boyce, P. 2006. A taxonomic revision of the Biarum (Araceae). Aroideana 29: 2-36.

Boyce, P. and A. Hay 2001. A taxonomic revision of Araceae tribe Potheae (Pothos, Pothoidium and Pedicellarum) for Malesia, Australia and the tropical western Pacific. Telopea 9(3): 449-571.

Boyce, P. C., J. A. Kisai and J. A. Tisai 2005. Hapaline appendiculata (Araceae: Caladieae) rediscovered. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 57: 13-18.

Boyce, P. C. 1993. A possible defense mechanism in Scindapsus latifolius (Araceae: Monsteroideae). Aroideana 16: 31-32.

Boyce, P. C. 1994. New species of Araceae from Brunei. Kew Bulletin 49(4): 793-801.

Boyce, P. C. 1996. The genus Hapaline (Araceae: Aroideae: Caladieae). Kew Bulletin 51(1): 63-82.

Boyce, P. C. 1998. The genus Epipremnum Schott (Araceae - Monsteroideae - Monstereae) in West and Central Malesia. Blumea 43: 183-213.

Boyce, P. C. 1999. the genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae - Monsteroideae - Monstereae) in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 51: 183-256.

Boyce, P. C. 2006. Rhaphidophora crassifolia Hook.f. (Araceae: Monstereae): a new record for Sarawak and notes on the Rhaphidophora 'Hongkongensis' group in Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 58: 19-24.

Boyce, P. C. 2007. Studies on the Alocasia Schott (Araceae - Colocasieae) of Borneo: I Two new species from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 58(2): 141-154.

Boyce, P. C. 2008. A review of Alocasia (Araceae: Colocasieae) for Thailand including a novel species and new species records from South-West Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 36: 1-17.

Boyce, P. C. 2008. A taxonomic revision of Biarum. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 25(1): 2-119.

Boyce, P. C. 2009. Anadendrum (Araceae: Monsteroideae: Anadendreae) in Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 31: 1-8.

Boyce, P. C. 2009. Ariopsis (Araceae: Colocasieae) a new generic record for Thailand & preliminary observations on trans-Himalayan biogeography in Araceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 37: 9-14.

Boyce, P. C. 2009. A review of Pothos (Araceae: Pothoideae: Potheae) for Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 31: 15-26.

Boyce, P. C. and A. D. Poulsen 1994. Notes on Pothos insignis (Araceae: Pothoideae). Kew Bulletin 49(3): 523-528.

Boyce, P. C. and J. Bogner 2000. An account on neotenic species of Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae - Monsteroideae - Monstereae) in New Guinea and Australia. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 52: 89-100.

Boyce, P. C. and K. Athanasiou 1991. A new subspecies of Biarum tenuifolium (Araceae) from Crete. Flora Mediterranea 1: 5-13.

Boyce, P. C. and N. Van Dzu 1995. Pothos grandis (Araceae: Pothoideae) described and validated and architectural notes on Pothos subgenus Pothos. Kew Bulletin 50(4): 753-759.

Boyce, P. C. and N. van Dzu 1996. Pothos grandis (Araceae) - corrections. Kew Bulletin 51(2): 392.

Boyce, P. C. and S. Y. Wong 2006. Studies on Schismatoglottidae (Araceae) of Borneo I: a trio of new Schismatoglottis from Sarawak. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 58: 7-18.

Boyce, P. C. and S. Y. Wong 2007. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo IV: Preliminary observations of spathe senescence mechanics in Schismatoglottis Zoll. & Moritzi in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Aroideana 30: 56-70.

Boyce, P. C. and S. Y. Wong 2008. Hapaline celatrix (Araceae: Caladieae) - A new record for Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 60(1): 31-36.

Boyce, P. C. and S. Y. Wong 2008. Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo I. Four new species and preliminary thoughts on informal species groups in Sarawak. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 60(1): 1-29.

Boyce, P. C. and S. Y. Wong 2008. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo VII: Schottarum and Bakoa, two new genera from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Botanical Studies 49: 393-404.

Boyce, P. C. and S. Y. Wong 2009. Schottariella mirifica P.C. Boyce & S.Y. Wong: a new name for Schottarum sarikeense (Araceae: Schismatoglottideae). Botanical Studies 50: 269-271.

Boyce, P. C. and W. S. Yeng 2008. Hapaline celatrix (Araceae: Caladieae) - A new record for Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 60(1): 31-36.

Brattstom, B. H. 1972. Temperature changes in heat producing plants. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 71(1): 54-55.

Braverman, Y., K. Frish and M. Reis (1981). The feeding behaviour of Culicoides as indicated by sense organ counts and other morphological measurements. Fourth International Symposium on Ceratopogonidae, London, Israel Journal of Entomology.

Braverman, Y., P. F. L. Boreham, R. Galun and M. Ziv 1977. The origin of blood meals of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) trapped in Turkey runs in Israel. Rhodian Journal of agricultural Research 15: 101-104.

Braverman, Y. and P. E. Hulley 1979. The relationship between the numbers and distribution of some antennal and palpal sense organs and host preference in some Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Southern Africa. Journal of Medical Entomology 15(5-6): 419-424.

Braverman, Y. and Y. Koach 1982. Culicoides species found in the inflorescences of Arum elongatum in Israel. Mosquito News 42(4): 516-517.

Breidenbach, R. W., M. J. Saxton, L. D. Hansen and R. S. Criddle 1997. Heat generation and dissipation in plants: can the alternative oxidative phosphorylation pathway serve a thermoregulatory role in plant tissues other than specialized organs? Plant Physiology 114: 1137-1140.

Bremer, K. 2000. Early Cretaceous lineages of monocot flowering plants. 97 9(4707-4711).

Brewbaker, J. L. and B. H. Kwack 1963. The essential role of calcium ion in pollen germination and pollen tube growth. American Journal of Botany 50(9): 859-865.

Brundrett, M. and B. Kendrick 1990. The roots and mycorrhizas of herbaceous woodland plants. I. Quantitative aspects of morphology. New Phytologist 114: 457-468.

Brundrett, M. and B. Kendrick 1990. The roots and mycorrhizas of herbaceous woodland plants. II. Structural aspects of morphology. New Phytologist 114: 469-479.

Buchen, B. (1998). Ultrastructure of the spadix-appendix cells during anthesis. Amorphophallus titanum. W. Barthlott and W. Lobin. Stuttgart, Franz Steiner Verlag. 99: 167-187.

Buchet, S. and C.-L. Gatin 1909. Un cas de polyembryonie chez le Triglochin palustre L. et une germination anormale de l'Arisarum vulgare Targ.-Tozz. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 56(4ème série - Tome IX): 164-169.

Buggeln, R. G., B. J. D. Meeuse and J. R. Klima 1971. The control of blooming in Sauromatum guttatum (Araceae) by darkness. Canadian Journal of Botany 49: 1025-1031.

Burger, H., M. Ayasse, S. Dötterl, S. Kreissl and C. G. Galizia 2013. Perception of floral volatiles involved in host-plant finding behaviour: comparison of a bee specialist and generalist. Journal of Comparative Physiology A 199(9): 751-761.

Buzgo, M. (1998). Odor differentiation in Lagenandra ovata (Araceae). Current advances in Araceae studies: Proceedings of the Sixth International Aroid Conference. H. Li, C.-L. Long, P. Boyce, K. Marr and D.-Z. Li, Acta Botanica Yunnanica. Suppl. 10: 76-88.

Buzgo, M. 1994. Inflorescence development of Pistia stratiotes (Araceae). Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik 115(4): 557-570.

Buzgo, M. 2001. Flower structure and development of Araceae compared with alismatids and Acoraceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 136: 393-425.

C

Cabrera, L. I., G. A. Salazar, M. W. Chase, S. J. Mayo, J. Bogner and P. Dàvila 2008. Phylogenetic relationships of aroids and duckweeds (Araceae) inferred from coding and noncoding plastid DNA. American Journal of Botany 95(9): 1153-1165.

Cain, M. L. and H. Damman 1997. Clonal growth and ramet performance in the woodland herb, Asarum canadense. Journal of Ecology 85: 883-897.

Calazans, L. S. B., C. M. Sakuragi and S. J. Mayo 2014. From open areas to forests? The evolutionary history of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae) using morphological data. Flora 209(2): 117-121.

Camazine, S. and K. J. Niklas 1984. Aerobiology of Symplocarpus foetidus: interactions between the spathe and spadix. American Journal of Botany 71(6): 843-850.

Camporese, A., M. J. Balick, R. Arvigo, R. G. Esposito, N. Morsellino, F. de Simone and A. Tubaro 2003. Screening of anti-bacterial activity of medicinal plants from Belize (Central America). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 87: 103-107.

Canto, A., V. Parra-Tabla and G. Garcia-Franco 2004. Variations in leaf production and floral display of Anthurium schlechtendalii (Araceae) in response to herbivory and environment. Functional Ecology 18: 692-699.

Canto, A., V. Parra-Tabla and G. Garcia-Franco 2007. Pattern of variation in floral display and sexual allocation of Anthurium schlechtendalii (Araceae) in Yucatan, Mexico. Journal of Tropical Ecology???: ???

Cao, L.-M. and C.-L. Long 2003. Colocasia bicolor (Araceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. Annals of Botany Fennici 40: 283-286.

Carano, E. 1934. Un nuovo elemento della flora meridionale d'Italia: l'Arum nigrum Schott var. apulum. Annali di Botanica XX(3): 579-585.

Carlquist, S. and E. L. Schneider 1997. Origins and nature of vessels in Monocotyledons. I. Acorus. International Journal of Plant Sciences 158(1): 51-56.

Carlquist, S. and E. L. Schneider 1998. Origin and nature of vessels in monocotyledons. 5. Araceae subfamily Colocasioideae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 128(1): 71-86.

Carlsen, M. M. and T. B. Croat 2013. A molecular phylogeny of the species-rich neotropical genus Anthurium (Araceae) based on combined choloroplast and nuclear DNA. Systematic Biology 38(3): 576-588.

Carson, H. L. and T. Okada 1980. Drosophilidae associated with flowers in Papua New Guinea. I. Colocasia esculenta. Kontyû 47(1): 15-29.

Carson, H. L. and T. Okada 1982. Ecology and Evolution of flower-breeding pomace flies of New Guinea (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Entomologia Generalis 8(1): 13-16.

Caruel, M. P. 1851. Dévelopement des fleurs de l'Arum italicum. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Botanique 16(3ème série): 379-382.

Carvell, W. N. 1989. Floral anatomy of the Pothoideae and Monsteroideae (Araceae). Botany. Oxford, Miami: 542-547.

Cavara, F. and L. Grande 1913. Esplorazione botaniche in Basilicata. Bullettino dell'Orto Botanico di Napoli 3: 409-410.

Cevallos-Ferriz, S. and R. A. Stockey 1988. Permineralized fruits and seeds from the Pinceton chert (middle Eocene) of British Columbia: Araceae. American Journal of Botany 75(8): 1099-1113.

Charlton, W. A. and U. Posluszny 1999. Morphological traffic between the inflorescence and the vegetative shoot in helobial monocotyledons. The Botanical Review 65(4): 370-384.

Chartier, M., A. C. D. Maia and M. Gibernau 2009. La pollinisation des Aracées. Insectes 155(4): 3-5.

Chartier, M., L. Pélozuelo, B. Buatois, J.-M. Bessière and M. Gibernau 2013. Geographic variations of odour and pollinators, and test for local adaptation by reciprocal transplant of two European Arum species (Araceae). Functional Ecology 27(6): 1367-1381.

Chartier, M., L. Pélozuelo and M. Gibernau 2011. Do floral odor profiles geographically vary with the degree of specificity for pollinators? Investigation in two sapromyophilous Arum species (Araceae). Annales de la Société entomologique de France 47(1-2): 71-77.

Chartier, M., M. Gibernau and S. S. Renner 2014. The evolution of pollinator/plant interaction types in the Araceae. Evolution 68(5): 1533-1543.

Chartier, M. and M. Gibernau 2009. Size variations of flowering characters in Arum maculatum (Araceae). Aroideana 32: 153-158.

Chauveau, M. and C. Lance 1982. Respiration et thermogenèse chez les Aracées. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 129(2): 123-134.

Chen, J., P. S. Devanand, D. J. Norman, R. J. Henny and C.-C. T. Chao 2004. Genetic relationships of Aglaonema species and cultivars inferred from AFLP markers. Annals of Botany 93: 157-166.

Chen, J., R. J. Henny, D. B. McConnell and R. D. Caldwell 2003. Gibberellic acid affects frowth and flowering in Philodendron 'Black Cardinal'. Plant Growth Regulation 41: 1-6.

Chen, J. and B. J. D. Meeuse 1971. Production of free indole by some aroids. Acta Botanica Neerlendica 20(6): 627-635.

Chen, J. and B. J. D. Meeuse 1972. Induction of indole synthesis in the appendix of Sauromatum guttatum Schott. Plant and Cell Physiology 13: 831-841.

Chen, J. and B. J. D. Meeuse 1975. Purification and partial characterization of two biologically active compounds from the inflorescence of Sauromatum guttatum Schott (Araceae). Plant and Cell Physiology 16: 1-11.

Chivasa, S., J. O. Berry, T. ap Rees and J. P. Carr 1999. Changes in gene expression during development and thermogenesis in Arum. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 26: 391-399.

Cho, Y. and J. D. Palmer 1999. Multiple acquisitions via horizontal transfer of a group I intron in the mitochondrial cox1 gene during evolution of the Araceae family. Molecular Biology and Evolution 16(9): 1155-1165.

Chodat, R. and W. Vischer (1920). La Végétation du Paraguay. X. Aroidées. R. Chodat. Genève, Jent. fascicule 3: 339-379.

Choo, C. Y., K. L. Chan, T. W. Sam, Y. Hitotsuyanagi and K. Takeya 2001. The cytotoxicity and chemical constituents of the hexane fraction of Typhonium flagelliforme (Araceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 77: 129-131.

Chouteau, M., D. Barabé and M. Gibernau 2006. A comparative study of inflorescence characters and pollen-ovule ratios among the genera Philodendron and Anthurium (Araceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 167(4): 817-829.

Chouteau, M., D. Barabé and M. Gibernau 2006. Pollen-ovule ratios in some Neotropical Araceae and their putative significance. Plant Systematics & Evolution 257(3-4): 147-157.

Chouteau, M., D. Barabé and M. Gibernau 2007. Thermogenesis in Syngonium (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 85: 184-190.

Chouteau, M., D. Barabé and M. Gibernau 2009. Flowering and thermogenetic cycles in two species of Monstera (Araceae). Bulletin de la Société d’Histoires Naturelles de Toulouse 145: 5-10.

Chouteau, M., M. Gibernau and D. Barabé 2008. Relationships between floral characters, pollination mechanisms, life forms and habitats in Araceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 156: 29-42.

Chouteau, M., M. McClure and M. Gibernau 2007. Pollination ecology of Monstera obliqua (Araceae) in French Guiana. Journal of Tropical Ecology 23(5): 607-610.

Chrtek, J. and B. Slavik 1994. Contribution to the flora of Cyprus. 3. Flora Mediterranea 4: 9-20.

Chuah, C. H., L. E. Ooi and S. H. Goh 1996. New male fruitly attractants from spadix of Spathiphyllum cannaefolium (Araceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 24(3): 189-193.

Church, A. H. 1908. Types of floral mechanism: a selection of diagrams and descriptions of common flowers arranged as an introduction to the systematic study of angiosperms. Oxford, Clarendon Press.

Cleghorn, M. L. 1913. Notes on the pollination of Colocasia antiquorum. Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 9(8-9): 313-315.

Cleghorn, M. L. 1914. A note on the floral mechanism of Typhonium trilobatum. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 10(10): 421-424.

Clowes, F. A. L. 2000. Pattern in root meristem development in angiosperms. New Phytologist 146: 83-94.

Cockle, A. (2001). The dispersal and recruitment of Cyclanthaceae and Philodendron (Araceae) understorey root-climbing vines. Nouragues. Dynamics and plant-animal interactions in a neotropical rainforest. F. Bongers, P. Charles-Dominique, P.-M. Forget and M. Théry. Dordrecht, Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers: 251-263.

Cody, A. M. and H. T. Horner 1983. Twin raphides in the Vitaceae and Araceae and a model for their growth. Botanical Gazette 144(3): 318-330.

Coelho, F. F., L. Deboni and F. S. Lopes 2005. Density-dependent reproductive and vegetative allocation in the aquatic plant Pistia statiotes (Araceae). Revista de Biologia Tropical 53(3-4): 369-376.

Conran, J. G., M. de Vries and R. S. Seymour 2007? Pollination systems in Monstera, Spathiphyllum and Syngonium (Araceae) and a possible role in the family for ultraviolet patterning to attract pollinators. Plant Systematics and Evolution(Rejected).

Corrêa, M. G. S., J. Viégas, J. B. da Silva, P. F. V. de Avila, G. R. Busato and J. S. Lemes 2005. Meiose e viabilidade polinica na familia Araceae. Acta Botanica Brasilensis 19(2): 295-303.

Coté, G. G. and M. Gibernau 2012. Distribution of calcium oxalate crystals in floral organs of Araceae in relation to pollination strategy. American Journal of Botany 99(7): 1231-1242.

Crawford, D. J., E. Landolt, D. H. Les and R. T. Kimball 2006. Speciation in duckweeds (Lemnaceae): phylogenetic and ecological inferences. Aliso 22: 231-242.

Croat, T. B. (1997). Araceae (Arum Family). Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana

Croat, T. B., D. C. Bay and E. D. Yates 2006. New taxa of Anthurium (Araceae) from the Bajo Calima region (Valle, Choco), Colombia and Ecuador. Novon 16: 25-50.

Croat, T. B., G. Carnevali Fernandez-Concha and L. I. Gonzalez 2005. Montrichardia arborescens (L.) Schott (Araceae) newly reported for Mexico. Aroideana 28: 86-87.

Croat, T. B., J. Moonen and O. Poncy 2005. New species of Monstera (Araceae) from French Guiana. Rodriguésia 56(88): 61-64.

Croat, T. B., R. Outman and C. V. Kostelac 2010. New species of araceae from Venezuela and the Guianas. Willdenowia 40: 137-146.

Croat, T. B. 1979. Standardization of Anthurium descriptions. Aroideana 2(15-25).

Croat, T. B. 1980. Flowering behavior of the neotropical genus Anthurium (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 67(6): 888-904.

Croat, T. B. 1981. A revision of Syngonium (Araceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 68(4): 565-651.

Croat, T. B. 1981. Pollination of Syngonium. Web site: 1.

Croat, T. B. 1988. Important collections of New World Araceae. Taxon 37(4): 855-869.

Croat, T. B. 1991. A revision of Anthurium section Pachyneurium (Araceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 78(3): 539-805.

Croat, T. B. 1992. Species diversity of Araceae in Colombia: a preliminary survey. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 79: 17-28.

Croat, T. B. 1997. A revision of Philodendron subgenus Philodendron (Araceae) for Mexico and Central America. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 84(3): 311-704.

Croat, T. B. 2004. Revision of Dieffenbachia (Araceae) of Mexico, central America, and the West Indies. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 91: 668-772.

Croat, T. B. and J. Bogner 2005. Xanthosoma feuersteiniae (Araceae), a new species from southeastern Ecuador. Willdenowia 35: 327-331.

Croat, T. B. and M. A. Pérez-Farrera 2000. A new record of Anthurium sarukhanianum (Araceae) to Chiapas, Mexico - with additonal notes on vegetative morphology. Aroideana 23: 26-30.

Crosskey, R. W. 1990. A natural history of black flies.

Cruickshank, I. and R. Wall 2002. Aggregation and habitat use by Lucilia blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in pasture. Bulletin of Entomological Research 92: 153-158.

Cuartas-Hernandez, S., J. Nuñez-Farfan and P. E. Smouse 2010. Restricted pollen flow of Dieffenbachia seguine populations in fragmented and continuous tropical forest. Heredity 105: 197-204.

Cuartas-Hernandez, S. and J. Nuñez-Farfan 2006. The genetic structure of the tropical understory herb Dieffenbachia seguine L. before and after forest fragmentation. Evolutionary Ecology Research 8: 1061-1075.

Cusimano, N., J. Bogner, S. J. Mayo, P. C. Boyce, S. Y. Wong, M. Hesse, W. L. A. Hetterscheid, R. C. Keating and J. C. French 2011. Relationships within the Araceae: comparison of morphological patterns with molecular phylogenies. American Journal of Botany 98(4): 1-15.

Cusimano, N., L.-B. Zhang and S. S. Renner 2008. Reevaluation of the cox1 group I intron in Araceae and Angiosperms indicates a history dominated by loss rather than horizontal transfer. Molecular Biology and Evolution 25(2): 265-276.

Cusimano, N., M. D. Barrett, W. L. A. Hetterscheid and S. S. Renner 2010. A phylogeny of the Areae (Araceae) implies that Typhonium, Sauromatum, and the Australian species of Typhonium are distinct clades. Taxon 59(2): 439-447.

D

Dabonneville, C. 2010. Des fleurs particulièrement chaleureuses. La garance voyageuse 90: 26-31.

Dajdok, Z. and Z. Kacki (2001). Arum maculatum L. Polish red data book of plants. R. Kazmierczakowa and K. Zarzycki. Cracow, Polish Academy of Sciences W. Szafer Institute of Botany Institute of Nature Conservation: 465-467.

Dajdok, Z. and Z. Kacki 2001. The distribution of Arum maculatum L. (Araceae) in Poland. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 70(2): 103-106.

Dakwale, S. and S. Bhatnagar 1982. Sauromatum guttatum (Schott.) a fly catcher and sampler aroid. Current Science 51(22): 1076-1077.

Dakwale, S. and S. Bhatnagar 1985. Insect-trapping behaviour and diel periodicity in Sauromatum guttatum Schott (Araceae). Current Science 54(14): 699-702.

Dakwale, S. R. and S. Bhatnagar 1997. Midge-trapping behaviour and floral biology of Theriophonum crenatum Blume. Rumph. (Araceae). Current Science 73(7): 606-608.

Damman, H. and M. L. Cain 1998. Population growth and viability analyses of the clonal woodland herb, Asarum canadense. Journal of Ecology 86: 13-26.

da Silva, C. J. 1981. Observações sobre a biologia reproductiva de Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae). Acta Amazonica 11(3): 487-504.

Daumann, E. 1930. Nektarabscheidung in der blütenregion einiger Araceen. Zugleich ein hinweis auf bargersche methode. Planta 12: 38-48.

Daumann, E. 1970. Das Blütennektarium der Monocotyledonen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung seiner systematischen und phylogenetischen Berdeutung. Feddes Repertorium 80(7-8): 463-590.

Davis, C. C., P. K. Endress and D. A. Baum 2008. The evolution of floral gigantism. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 11: 49-57.

Davis, J. A. (19??). Araceae - Flora of Turkey. Flora of Turkey: 41-63.

Davis, J. I., G. Petersen, O. Seberg, D. W. Stevenson, C. R. Hardy, M. P. Simmons, F. A. Michelangeli, D. H. Goldman, L. M. Campbell, C. D. Specht and J. I. Cohen 2006. Are mitochondrial genes useful for the analysis of monocot relationships? Taxon 55(4): 857-870.

Della Greca, M., A. Molinaro, P. Monaco and L. Previtera 1994. Neolignans from Arum italicum. Phytochemistry 35(3): 777-779.

Delpino, F. 1874. Ulteriori osservazioni e considerazioni sulla dicogamia nel regno vegetale - sezione terza. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali XVII: 266-383.

Delpino, F. 1890. Ancora sulla impollinazione del draconcolo. Malphigia IV: 134-135.

de Mera, A. G. and S. Castroviejo 2004. Typification of two Linnean names in Araceae: Arum proboscideum L. and Arum muscivorum L. f. Taxon 53(4): 1047-1048.

Deng, Z. and B. K. Harbaugh 2004. Technique for in vitro pollen germination and short-term pollen storage in Caladium. HortScience 39(2): 365-367.

Deng, Z. and B. K. Harbaugh 2009. Leaf blotching in Caladium (Araceae) is under simple genetic control and tightly linked to vein color. HortScience 44(1): 40-43.

de Oliveira, L. L., L. S. B. Calazans, E. B. de Morais, S. J. Mayo, C. G. Schrago and C. M. Sakuragui 2014. Floral Evolution of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae). PLOS ONE 9(2): 10.

de Oliveira Vianna, W., M. Misaki Soares and B. Appezzato-da-Gloria 2001. Anatomia da raiz escora de Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott (Araceae). Acta Botanica Brasilensis 15(3): 313-320.

Devanand, P. S., J. Chen, R. J. Henny and C.-C. T. Chao 2004. Assessment of genetic relationships among Philodendron cultivars using AFLP markers. Journal of American Society for Horticultural Sciences 129(5): 690-697.

Dewir, Y. H., D. Chakrabarty, M. B. Ali, N. Singh, E.-J. Hahn and K.-Y. Paek 2007. Influence of GA3, sucrose and solid medium/bioreactor culture on in vitro flowering of Spathiphyllulm and association of glutahione metabolism. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 90: 225-235.

Deysson, G. (1964). Aracées. Organisation et Classification des plantes vasculaires. D. Bach, M. Mascré and G. Deysson. Paris, Société d'édition d'enseignement supérieur. Tome lI: 128-131.

Diamond, J. M. 1989. Hot sex in voodoo lilies. Nature 339(25 may): 258-259.

Diaz, A., M. Aka Amoin and M. Gibernau 2006. The effectiveness of some mechanisms of reproductive isolation in Arum maculatum and A. italicum (Araceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 150: 323-328.

Diaz, A. and G. C. Kite 2002. A comparison of the pollination ecology of Arum maculatum and A. italicum in England. Watsonia 24: 171-181.

Diaz, A. and G. C. Kite 2006. Why be a rewarding trap? The evolution of floral rewards in Arum (Araceae), a genus characterized by saprophilous pollination systems. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 88: 257-268.

Dieringer, G., L. R. Cabrera, M. Lara, L. Loya and P. Reyes-Castillo 1999. Beetle pollination and floral thermogenicity in Magnolia tamaulipana (Magnoliaceae). International Journal of Plant Science 160(1): 64-71.

Dieringer, G. and J. E. S. Espinosa 1994. Reproductive ecology of Magnolia shiedeana (Magnoliaceae), a threatened cloud forest tree species in Veracruz, Mexico. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 121(2): 154-159.

Dieringer, G. and L. Delgado 1994. Notes on the biology of Cyclocephala jalapensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): an endemic of Eastern Mexico. Southwesrtern Entomologist Scientific Note 19(3): 309-311.

Dieringer, G. and L. R. Cabrera 2000. A comparison of size and sexual expression in populations of Arisaema macrospathum Benth. and A dracontium (L.) Schott (Araceae). Aroideana 23: 31-35.

Dilcher, D. L. and C. P. Daghlian 1977. Investigations of angiosperms from the Eocene of Southeastern North America: Philodendron leaf remains. American Journal of Botany 64(5): 526-534.

Dirzo, R., C. C. Horvitz, H. Quevedo and M. A. Lopez 1992. The effects of gap size and age on the understorey herb community of a tropical Mexican rain forest. Journal of Ecology 80: 809-822.

Dormer, K. J. 1960. The truth about pollination in Arum. The New Phytologist 59: 298-301.

Draper, D., T. G. C., P. Pereira and A. Rossello-Graell 2001. Analysis of infraspecific taxa of Arum italicum (Araceae) using morphological and ecological data. Bocconea 13: 437-443.

Draper, D. and A. Rossello-Graell 1997. Distribucion de Arum cylindraceum Gasp. (Araceae) en la Peninsula Iberica. Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid 55(2): 313-319.

Dring, J. V., G. C. Kite, R. J. Nash F. L. S. and T. Reynolds F. L. S. 1995. Chemicals in aroids: a survey, including new results for polyhydroxy alkaloids and alkylresorcinols. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 117: 1-12.

Drummond, D. C. and J. Boorman 2003. Further records of some Arum species and their insect visitors. The Entomologist's monthly magazine 139(31st July): 163-166.

Drummond, D. C. and P. M. Hammond 1991. Insects visiting Arum dioscoridis Sm. and A. orientale M. Bieb. The Entomologist's monthly magazine 127(29th July): 151-156.

Drummond, D. C. and P. M. Hammond 1993. Insects visiting Arum creticum Boiss. & Heldr., A. concinnatum Schott and A. purpureospathum Boyce. The Entomologist's monthly magazine 129( ): 245-251.

Duda, O. 1924. Beitrag zur Systematik der Drosophiliden unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der paläarktischen u. orientalischen Arten (Dipteren). Archiv für Naturgeschichte 90A(3): 172-234.

Duda, O. 1924. Die Drosophiliden (Dipteren) des Deutschen entomologischen institutes d. Kaiser Wilhelm-gesellschaft (früheres Deutsches entomologisches Museum) aus H. Sauter's Formosa Ausbeute. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 90(A3): 235-259.

Dudley, M. G. 1937. Morphological and cytological studies of Calla palustris. The Botanical Gazette 98(March): 556-571.

Dufour, L. and V. Guérin 2003. Growth, developmental features and flower production of Anthurium andreanum Lind. in tropical conditions. Scientia Horticulturae 98: 25-35.

Duvall, M. R. 2001. An anatomical study of anther development in Acorus L.: Phylogenetic implications. Plant Systematics and Evolution 228: 143-152.

E

Eaton, A. E. 1898. Supplement to " a synopsis of British Psychodidae". The Entomologist's monthly magazine 34: 117-125.

Edwards, A. L. and R. R. Sharitz 2003. Clonal diversity in two rare perennial plants: Sagittaria isoetiformis and Sagittaria teres (Alismataceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 164(1): 181-188.

Eeckhaut, T., S. Werbrouck, J. Dendauw, E. Van Bockstaele and P. Debergh 2001. Induction of homozygous Spathiphyllum wallisii genotypes through gynogenesis. Plant Cell 67: 181-189.

Elbandy, M., H. Lerche, H. Wagner and M.-A. Lacaille-Dubois 2004. Constituents of the rhizome of Homalomena occulta. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 32(12): 1209-1213.

Ellis, C. J., L. Yeap Foo and L. J. Porter 1983. Enantiomerism: a characteristic of the proanthocyanidin chemistry of the monocotyledonae. Phytochemistry 22(2): 483-487.

Elthon, T. E., R. L. Nickels and L. McIntosh 1989. Mitochondrial events during development of thermogenesis in Sauromatum guttatum (Schott). Planta 180: 82-89.

Elthon, T. E. and L. McIntosh 1987. Identification of the alternative terminal oxidase of higher plant mitochondria. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 84(December): 8399-8403.

Endels, P., D. Adriaens, K. Verheyen and M. Hermy 2004. Population structure and adult plant performance of forest herbs in three contrasting habitats. Ecography 27: 225-241.

Engler, A. 1889. Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Leipzig, Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann.

Engler, A. 1905. Araceae-Pothoideae, Das Pflanzenreich IV. 23B.

Engler, A. 1920. Araceae - Pars generalis et Index familiae generalis. Leipzig Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann.

Engler, A. 1990. Comparative studies on the morphology of the Araceae. Part II. On leaf placement and shoot organization of Araceae. Englera 12: 1-140.

Espindola, A., L. Pellissier and N. Alvarez 2011. Variation in the proportion of flower visitors of Arum maculatum along its distributional range in relation with community-based climatic niche analyses. Oikos 120: 728-734.

Espindola, A., S. Buerki, M. Bedalov, P. Küpfer and N. Alvarez 2010. New insights into phylogenetics and biogerography of Arum (Araceae): unravelling its evolutionary history. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 163: 14-32.

Ewing, J. W. and R. M. Klein 1982. Sex expression in Jack-in-the-Pulpit. Torreya - Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 109(1): 47-50.

Eyde, R. H., D. H. Nicolson and P. Sherwin 1967. A survey of floral anatomy in Araceae. American Journal of Botany 54(4): 478-497.

F

Fartyal, R. S., J.-J. Gao, M. J. Toda, Y.-G. Hu, K. T. Takano, A. Suwito, T. Katoh, T. Takigahira and J.-T. Yin 2013. Colocasiomyia (Diptera: Drosophilidae) revised phylogenetically, with a new species group having peculiar lifecycles on monsteroid (Araceae) host plants. Systematic Entomology 38: 763-782.

Faucheux, M. 1995. Les ascoïdes de l'antenne des diptères et des lépidoptères. (Etude de l'antenne de Psychoda phalaenoides L., Diptera: Psychodidae). Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest de la France 17(1): 9-16.

Faucheux, M. and M. Gibernau 2011. Antennal sensilla in five Psychodini mothflies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae) pollinators of Arum spp. (Araceae). Annales de la Société entomologique de France 47(1-2): 89-100.

Feller, I. C., H. Kudoh, C. E. Tanner and D. F. Whigham (2002). Sex-biased herbivory in Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) by a specialist thrips (Heterothrips arisaemae). Thrips and Topoviruses, Canberra, Australian National Insect Collection.

Fernandez, M. D., A. Pieters, C. Donoso, W. Tezara, M. Azkue, C. Herrera, E. Rengifo and A. Herrera 1998. Effects of a natural source of very high CO2 concentration on the leaf gas exchange, xylem water potential and stomatal characteristics of plants of Spatiphylum cannifolium and Bauhinia multinervia. New Phytologist 138: 689-697.

Ferrière, C. 1924. Notes sur deux nouveaux chalcidiens phytophages du Paraguay. Annales de la Société entomologique de France 93: 1-21.

Ferry, G. 2002. La collection d'Aracées du Jardin Botanique du Montet. Botanique Lorraine 7: 3-8.

Filartiga, A. L., R. C. Vieira and A. Mantovani 2014. Size-correlated morpho-physiology of the aroid vine Rhodospatha oblongata along a vertical gradient in a Brazilian rain forest. Plant Biology 16: 155-165.

Fisher, J. B. and J. C. French 1976. The occurrence of intercalary and uninterrupted meristems in the internodes of tropical monocotyledons. American Journal of Botany 63(5): 510-525.

Fisher, J. B. and J. C. French 1978. Internodal meristems of monocotyledons: further studies and a general taxonomic summary. Annals of Botany 42: 41-50.

Fox, M. G. and J. C. French 1988. Systematic occurrence of sterols in latex of Araceae: Subfamily Colocasioideae. American Journal of Botany 75(1): 132-137.

Franchi, G. G., M. Nepi, A. Dafni and E. Pacini 2002. Partially hydrated pollen: taxonomic distribution, ecological and evolutionary significance. Plant Systematics and Evolution 234: 211-227.

Franz, N. M. 2003. Systematics of Cyclanthura gen. n., a new genus of Derelomini (Coleptera: Curculionidae). Insect Systematics and Evolution 34: 153-198.

Franz, N. M. 2006. Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology 31(2): 220-287.

Franz, N. M. 2007. Pollination of Anthurium (Araceae) by derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). International Journal of Tropical Biology 55: 269-277.

Franz, N. M. and R. M. Valente 2005. Evolutionay trends in derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): from associations to homology. Invertebrate Systematics 19: 499-530.

French, J. C., M. G. Chung and Y. K. Hur (1995). Chloroplast DNA phylogeny of the Ariflorae. Monocotyledons: systematics and evolution. P. J. Rudall, P. J. Cribb, D. F. Cutler and C. J. Humphries. Kew, Royal Botanical Garden: 255-275.

French, J. C. 1977. Growth relationships of leaves and internodes in viny angiosperms with different modes of attachment. American Journal of Botany 64(3): 292-304.

French, J. C. 1985. Patterns of endothecial wall thickenings in Araceae: subfamilies Calloideae, Lasioideae, and Philodendroideae. Botanical Gazette 146(4): 521-533.

French, J. C. 1985. Patterns of endothecial wall thickenings in Araceae: subfamilies Pothoideae and Monsteroideae. American Journal of Botany 72(3): 472-486.

French, J. C. 1986. Ovular vasculature in Araceae. Botanical Gazette 147(4): 478-495.

French, J. C. 1986. Patterns of endothecial wall thickenings in Araceae: subfamilies Colocasioideae, Aroideae, and Pistioideae. Botanical Gazetter 147(2): 166-179.

French, J. C. 1986. Patterns of stamen vasculature in the Araceae. American Journal of Botany 73(3): 434-449.

French, J. C. 1987. Structure of ovular and placental trichomes of Araceae. Botanical Gazette 148(2): 198-208.

French, J. C. 1987. Systematic occurrence of a sclerotic hypodermis in roots of Araceae. American Journal of Botany 74(6): 891-903.

French, J. C. 1987. Systematic survey of resin canals in roots of Araceae. Botanical Gazette 148(3): 360-371.

French, J. C. 1988. Systematic occurrence of anastomosing laticifers in Araceae. Botanical Gazette 149(1): 71-81.

French, J. C. and J. B. Fisher 1977. A comparison of meristems and unequal growth of internodes in viny monocotyledons and dicotyledons. American Journal of Botany 64(1): 24-32.

French, J. C. and P. B. Tomlinson 1981. Vascular patterns in stems of Araceae: subfamilies Calloideae and Lasioideae. Botanical Gazette 142(3): 366-381.

French, J. C. and P. B. Tomlinson 1981. Vascular patterns in stems of Araceae: subfamily Monsteroideae. American Journal of Botany 68(8): 1115-1129.

French, J. C. and P. B. Tomlinson 1981. Vascular patterns in stems of Araceae: subfamily Philodendroideae. Botanical Gazette 142(4): 550-563.

French, J. C. and P. B. Tomlinson 1981. Vascular patterns in stems of Araceae: subfamily Pothoideae. American Journal of Botany 68(5): 713-729.

French, J. C. and P. B. Tomlinson 1983. Vascular patterns in stems of Araceae: subfamilies Colocasioideae, Aroideae and Pistioideae. American Journal of Botany 70(5): 756-771.

French, J. C. and P. B. Tomlinson 1984. Patterns of stem vasculature in Philodendron. American Journal of Botany 71(10): 1432-1443.

Fridlender, A. 1999. Identification des Arum de la flore française. Journal Botanique de la Société de Botanique France 11: 29-43.

Fridlender, A. 1999. Observations sur la biologie de l'Arum cylindraceum Gasp. (Araceae) en Corse. Acta Botanica Gallica 146(4): 297-309.

Fridlender, A. 1999. Répartition et écologie de l'Arum cylindraceum Gasparr. en Corse. Candollea 54: 410-416.

Fridlender, A. 2000. Le genre Arum en Corse. Candollea 55(1): 255-267.

Fridlender, A. 2000. Répartition, écologie et conservation de l'Arum mange-mouches (Helicodiceros muscivorus (L. fil.) Engler (Araceae) en Corse. Webbia 55(1): 7-35.

Friis, E. M., K. R. Pedersen and P. R. Crane 2004. Araceae from the early Cretaceous of Portugal: evidence on the emergence of monocotyledons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 101(47): 16565-16570.

Fukai, S., A. Hasegawa and T. Kobayashi 2006. The sex changing plant Arisaema sikokianum Franch. et Siva (Araceae) is self-compatible. Propagation of ornamental plants 6(1): 39-43.

Fukai, S., R. Kanechika and A. Hasegawa 2006. Effect of low temperature on breaking dormancy and flowering of Arisaema sikokianum (Araceae). Scientia Horticulturae 111: 97-100.

Fukai, S. 2004. Floral initiation and development of the sex-changing plant Arisaema sikokianum (Araceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 165(5): 739-744.

Furness, C. A. and P. J. Rudall (2000). Aperture absence in pollen of monocotyledons. Pollen and spores: Morphology and Biology. M. M. Harley, C. M. Morton and S. Blackmore. Kew, The Royal Botanical Gardens: 249-257.

Furness, C. A. and P. J. Rudall 1998. The tapetum and systematics in Monocotyledons. The Botanical Review 64(3): 201-239.

Furness, C. A. and P. J. Rudall 1999. Inaperturate pollen in monocotyledons. International Journal of Plant Sciences 160(2): 395-414.

Furness, C. A. and P. J. Rudall 1999. Microsporogenesis in Monocotyledons. Annals of Botany 84: 475-499.

Furness, C. A. and P. J. Rudall 2001. Pollen and anther characters in monocot systematics. Grana 40: 17-25.

Furness, C. A. and P. Rudall 2006. The operculum in pollen of monocotyledons. Aliso 22: 191-196.

G

Gagné, R. J., Ed. Yea). The plant-feeding gall midges of North America. Ithaca, Cornell University Press.

Gagné, R. J. 1973. A generic synopsis of the neartic Cecidomyiidi (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Cecidomyiinae). Annals of the Entomological society of America 66(4): 857-889.

Gagné, R. J. 1986. The transition from fungus-feeding to plant-feeding in Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). Proccedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 88(2): 381-384.

Gagné, R. J. 1994. The gall midges of the Neotropical region. Ithaca, Cornell University Press.

Gaillard, Y., M. Cheze and G. Pepin 2001. Intoxications humaines par les végétaux supérieurs: revue de la littérature. Annales de Biologie Clinique 59(6): 764-???

Gallaud, I. 1905. Etudes sur les mycorhizes endotrophes. Revue Générale de Botanique XVII: 5-48.

Gallaud, I. 1905. Etudes sur les mycorhizes endotrophes. Revue Générale de Botanique XVII: 123-136.

Gallaud, I. 1905. Etudes sur les mycorhizes endotrophes. Revue Générale de Botanique XVII: 223-239.

Gallaud, I. 1905. Etudes sur les mycorhizes endotrophes. Revue Générale de Botanique XVII: 313-325.

Gallaud, I. 1905. Etudes sur les mycorhizes endotrophes. Revue Générale de Botanique XVII: 423-433.

Gallaud, I. 1905. Etudes sur les mycorhizes endotrophes. Revue Générale de Botanique XVII: 479-500.

Garcia-Robledo, C., G. Kattan, C. Murcia and P. Quintero-Marin 2004. Beetle pollination and fruit predation of Xanthosoma daguense (Araceae) in an Andean cloud forest in Colombia. Journal of Tropical Ecology 20(July): 459-469.

Garcia-Robledo, C., G. Kattan, C. Murcia and P. Quintero-Marin 2005. Equal and opposite effects of floral offer and spatial distribution on fruit production and pre-dispersal seed predation in Xanthosoma daguense (Araceae). Biotropica 37(3): 373-380.

Garcia-Robledo, C., P. Quintero-Marin and F. Mora-Kepfer 2005. Geographic variation and succession of arthropod communities in inflorescences and infructescences of Xanthosoma (Araceae). Biotropica 37(4): 650-656.

Garcia-Robledo, C. 2010. Restoration of plant-pollinator interactions: pollination neighborhood and asymmetric pollen flow between restored habitats in a beetle pollinated aroid. Restoration Ecology 18(S1): 94-102.

Garreau, M. 1851. Mémoire sur les relations qui existent entre l'oxygène consommé par le spadice de l'Arum italicum, en état de paroxysme, et la chaleur qui se produit. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Botanique 3ème série, T16: 250-256.

Garrick, L. S. and H. M. Habermann 1962. Distribution of allagochrome in vascular plants. American Journal of Botany 49(10): 1078-1088.

Gasca-Alvarez, H. J. 2013. New records of Cyclocephala Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) Associated with Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent. (Araceae). The Coleopterists' Bulletin 67(4): 416-418.

Gasparrini, G. 1851. Enveloppe florale dans l'Arum italicum. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Botanique 15(3ème série): 37-42.

Gauthier, M.-P., L., D. Barabé and A. Bruneau 2008. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Philodendron (Araceae): delimitation and infrageneric classification. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 156: 13-27.

Gaye, S. 1885. Some facts about Arums. Middland Naturalist 8: 301-305.

Gellerstedt, G., K. Lundquist, A. F. A. Wallis and L. Zhang 1995. Revised structures for neolignans from Arum maculatum. Phytochemistry 40(1): 263-265.

Genaust, H. 1999. Calla - an enigmatic aroid taxon and its etymological solution. Aroideana 22: 7-10.

Gerlach, G. and R. Schill 1991. Composition of orchid scents attracting euglossine bees. Botanica Acta 104: 379-391.

Gibernau, M., C. Favre, T. Talou and C. Raynaud 2004. Floral odour of Arum italicum Aroideana 27: 142-147.

Gibernau, M., D. Barabé, D. Labat, P. Cerdan and A. Dejean 2003. Reproductive biology of Montrichardia arborescens (Araceae) in French Guiana. Journal of Tropical Ecology 19(1): 103-107.

Gibernau, M., D. Barabé, M. Moisson and A. Trombe 2005. Physical constraints on temperature difference in some thermogenic aroid inflorescences. Annals of Botany 96: 117-125.

Gibernau, M., D. Barabé, P. Cerdan and A. Dejean 1999. Beetle pollination of Philodendron solimoesense (Araceae) in French Guiana. International Journal of Plant Science 160(6): 1135-1143.

Gibernau, M., D. Barabé and D. Labat 2000. Flowering and pollination of Philodendron melinonii (Araceae) in French Guiana. Plant Biology 2(3): 331-334.

Gibernau, M., D. Macquart and A. Diaz 2003. Pollen viability and longevity in two species of Arum. Aroideana 26: 27-32.

Gibernau, M., D. Macquart and G. Przetak 2004. Pollination in the genus Arum – a review. Aroideana 27: 148-166.

Gibernau, M., J. Albre, A. Dejean and D. Barabé 2002. Seed predation in Philodendron solimoesense (Araceae) by chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera). International Journal of Plant Sciences 163(6): 1017-1023.

Gibernau, M., J. Orivel, A. Dejean, J. H. C. Delabie and D. Barabé 2008. Flowering as a key factor in ant-Philodendron interactions. Journal of Tropical Ecology 24(6): 689-692.

Gibernau, M., J. Orivel, J. H. C. Delabie, D. Barabé and A. Dejean 2007. An asymmetrical relationship between an arboreal ponerine ant and a trash-basket epiphyte (Araceae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 91: 341-346.

Gibernau, M., M. Chartier and A. Quilichini 2014. Évolution des systèmes de pollinisation chez les Aracées. Espèces 11: 20-29.

Gibernau, M., M. Chouteau, K. Lavallée and D. Barabé 2010. Notes on the Phenology, Morphometry and Floral Biology of Anaphyllopsis americana (Araceae). Aroideana 33: 183-191.

Gibernau, M. 2003. Pollinators and visitors of Aroid inflorescences. Aroideana 26: 66-83.

Gibernau, M. 2011. Pollinators and visitors of aroid inflorescences: an addendum. Aroideana 34: 70-83.

Gibernau, M. and D. Barabé 2000. Thermogenesis in three Philodendron species (Araceae) of French Guiana. Canadian Journal of Botany 78(5): 685-689.

Gibernau, M. and D. Barabé 2002. Pollination ecology of Philodendron squamiferum (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 80(3): 316-320.

Gibernau, M. and D. Barabé 2007. Des fleurs à « sang chaud ». Pour la Science 359(Septembre): 50-56.

Gibernau, M. and D. Burch 2011. Planning pollination experiments. Aroideana 34: 84-85.

Gibernau, M. and J. Albre 2008. Size variations of flowering characters in Arum italicum. Aroideana 31: 101-106.

Gibernau, M. and M. Chartier 2010. Les Aracées: une diversité d’arômes ou les différentes stratégies de la séduction. Les Courriers de la Nature 260: 26-32.

Gibernau, M. and R. S. Seymour 2014. Pollination success of the Corsican Helicodiceros muscivorus (Araceae). Aroideana 37: 61-71.

Giordano, C. 1999. Observations on Amophophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. ex Arcangeli in the forest of Sumatra. Aroideana 22: 10-19.

Giordano, C. and M. M. Lippi 2000. Morfologia pollinica del genere Arum L. (Araceae) in Italia. Webbia 55(1): 47-55.

Goldberg, B. 1941. Life history of Peltandra virginica. The Botanical Gazette 102(4): 641-662.

Goldwasser, L. (2000). Scarab beetles, elephant ear (Xanthosoma robustum), and their associates. Monteverde. Ecology and conservation of a tropical cloud forest. N. M. Natkarni and N. T. Wheelwright. Oxford, Oxford University Press: 268-271.

Golubev, V. N. and Y. S. Volokitin 1983. Methods of Arum elongatum pollination on the southern coast of Crimean Oblast (Ukranian, USSR). nanenge doc lachywyssej sholy biologiceskie nauki (Mosc.) 3: 66-70.

Gonçalves, C. N. and J. L. Waechter 2002. Epifitos vasculares sobre espécimes de Ficus organensis isolados no norte da planicie costeira do Rio Grande do sul: padrões de abundâcia e distribuição. Acta Botanica Brasilensis 16(4): 429-441.

Gonçalves, C. N. and J. L. Waechter 2003. Aspectos floristicos e ecologicos de epifitos vasculares sobre figueiras isolades no norte da planicie costeira do Rio Grande do sul. Acta Botanica Brasilensis 17(1): 89-100.

Gonçalves, E. G., E. A. S. Paiva and M. A. N. Coelho 2004. A preliminary survey of petiolar collenchyma in the Araceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 91: 473-484.

Gonçalves, E. G., S. J. Mayo, M.-A. Van Sluys and A. Salatino 2007. Combined genotypic-phenotypic phylogeny of the tribe Spathicarpeae (Araceae) with reference to independent events of invasion to Andean regions. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43(3): 1023-1039.

Gonçalves, E. G. 1997. A new species of Philodendron (Araceae) from Central Brazil. Kew Bulletin 52(2): 499-502.

Gonçalves, E. G. 1999. A revised key for the genus Asterostigma C. A. Fisch. & Mey. (Araceae: tribe Spathicarpeae) and a new species from Southeastern Brazil. Aroideana 22: 30-33.

Gonçalves, E. G. 2004. Araceae from Central Brazil: comments on their diversity and biogeography. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 91: 457-463.

Gonçalves, E. G. 2005. A new Anthurium sect. Pachyneurium (Araceae) from Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Novon 15: 133-135.

Gonçalves, E. G. 2005. A remarkable new species of Philodendron (Araceae) from northern Brazil. Kew Bulletin 60: 129-131.

Gonçalves, E. G. 2005. A revision of Scaphispatha (Araceae - Caladieae) including a new species. Rodriguésia 56(88): 53-60.

Gonçalves, E. G. and A. C. D. Maia 2006. New evidence of pollination in Gearum brasiliense (Araceae - Spathicarpeae). Aroideana 29: 148-151.

Gottsberger, G. and A. Amaral Jr. 1984. Pollination strategies in Brazilian Philodendron species. Berichte Deustchen Botanischen Gesellschaft 97: 391-410.

Gottsberger, G. and I. Silberbauer-Gottsberger 1991. Olfactory and visual attraction of Erioscelis emarginata (Cyclocephalini, Dynastinae) to the inflorescences of Philodendron selloum (Araceae). Biotropica 23(1): 23-28.

Gouda, E. J. and G. Gusman 1999. A new variety of Arisaema ciliatum (Araceae). Blumea 44(1): 37-39.

Grayum, M. H. (1986). Correlations between pollination biology and pollen morphology in the Araceae, with some implications for angiosperm evolution. Pollen and Spores: Form and Function. I. K. Ferguson and S. Blackmore. London, Elsevier Press: 313-327.

Grayum, M. H. 1985. Evolutionary and ecological significance of starch storage in pollen of the Araceae. American Journal of Botany 72(10): 1565 -1577.

Grayum, M. H. 1986. Phylogenetic implications of pollen nuclear number in the Araceae. Plant Systematics and Evolution 151: 145-161.

Grayum, M. H. 1987. A summary of evidence and arguments supporting the removal of Acorus from the Araceae. Taxon 36(4): 723-729.

Grayum, M. H. 1990. Evolution and phylogeny of the Araceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 77: 628-697.

Grayum, M. H. 1991. Systematic embryology of the Araceae. The Botanical Review 57(3): 167-203.

Grayum, M. H. 1996. Revision of Philodendron subgenus Pteromischum (Araceae) for Pacific and Caribbean tropical America. Systematic Botany Monographs 47: 1-233.

Grear, J. W. J. 1973. Observations on the stomatal apparatus of Orontium aquaticum (Araceae). Botanical Gazette 134(2): 151-153.

Grensted, L. W. 1947. Diptera in the spathes of Arum maculatum L. The Entomologist's monthly magazine 83: 1-3.

Greuter, W. 1984. Les Arum de la Crète. Botanica Helvetica 94(1): 15-22.

Grimaldi, D. 1991. Systematics of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae): cladistics, a new generic synonym, new records, and a news species from Nepal. Entomologica scandinavica 22(4): 417-422.

Grimaldi, D. and J. Jaenike 1983. The diptera breeding on skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus (Araceae). New York Entomological Society 91(1): 83-89.

Grob, G. B., B. Gravendeel, M. C. M. Eurlings and W. L. A. Hetterscheid 2002. Phylogeny of the tribe Thomsonieae (Araceae) based on chloroplast matK and trnL intron sequences. Systematic Botany 27(3): 453-467.

Grob, G. B., B. Gravendeel and M. C. M. Eurlings 2004. Potential phylogenetic utility of the nuclear FLORICAULA/LEAFY second intron: comparison with three chloroplast DNA regions in Amorphophallus (Araceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 13-23.

Guinochet, M. and R. d. Vilmorin 1978. Flore de France. Paris, Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.

Gunawardena, A. H. L. A. N., K. Sault, P. Donnelly, J. S. Greenwood and N. G. Dengler 2005. Programmed cell death and leaf morphogenesis in Monstera obliqua (Araceae). Planta 221: 607-618.

Gunawardena, A. H. L. A. N. and N. G. Dengler 2006. Alternative modes of leaf dissection in monocotyledons. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 150: 25-44.

H

Hadacek, F. and M. Weber 2002. Club-shaped organs as additional osmophores within the Sauromatum inflorescence: odour analysis, ultrastructural changes and pollination aspects. Plant Biology 4: 367-383.

Hanawa, F., S. Tahara and G. H. N. Towers 2000. Antifungal nitro compounds from Skunk Cabbage (Lysichitum americanum) leaves treated with cupric chloride. Phytochemistry 53: 55-58.

Hannon, L. and T. B. Croat 2006? Chlorospatha. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden???: submitted.

Haro-Carrion, X., T. Lozada, H. Navarrete and G. H. J. de Koning 2009. Conservation of Vascular Epiphyte Diversity in Shade Cacao Plantations in the Chocó Region of Ecuador. Biotropica 41(4): 520-529.

Hay, A. 1986. Cyrtosperma Griffith and the origin of the aroids. Oxford, Oxford.

Hay, A. 1988. Anaphyllopsis: a new Neotropical genus of Araceae - Lasieae. Aroideana 11(1): 25-31.

Hay, A. 1992. A new Australian genus of Araceae, with notes on generic limits and biogeography of the Areae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 109: 427-434.

Hay, A. 1992. Tribal and subtribal delimitation and circumscription of the genera of Araceae tribe Lasieae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 79(1): 184-205.

Hay, A. 1993. the genus Typhonium (Araceae - Areae) in Australasia. Blumea 37: 345-376.

Hay, A. 1999. Revision of Homalomena (Araceae-Homalomeneae) in New Guinea, the Bismarck archipelago and Solomon islands. Blumea 44(1): 41-71.

Hay, A. and D. J. Mabberley 1991. "Transference of function" and the origin of aroids: their significance in early angiosperm evolution. Botanische Jharb. Syst. 113(2/3): 339-428.

Hay, A. and Yuzammi 2000. Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) in Malesia I - Schismatoglottis. Telopea 9(1): 1-177.

Heemers, L., E. Oyaert, M. C. van Labeke, E. Volckaert and P. Debergh 2003. Seasonal influence on vegetative growth and flower initiation of Spathiphyllum. South African Journal of Botany 69(2): 129-134.

Heineck, O. (1929). Die Bedeutung der Insekten un Haushalt der Pflanzen (Blütenbiologie). Handbuch der Entomologie. C. Schröder. 2: 298-299.

Helbsing, S., M. Riederer and G. Zotz 2000. Cuticles of vascular epiphytes: efficient barriers for water loss after stomatal closure? Annals of Botany 86: 765-769.

Heng, L. and D. Zhi-Ling 2006. A new species of Amorphophallus (Araceae) from Yunnan, China. Novon 16: 240-243.

Henny, R. J. 1978. Germination of Spathiphyllum and Vriesea pollen after storage at different temperatures and relative humidities. HortScience 13(5): 596-597.

Henny, R. J. 1980. Germination of Dieffenbachia maculata 'Perfection' pollen after storage at different temperature and relative humidity regimes. HortScience 15(2): 191-192.

Henny, R. J. 1980. Gibberellic acid (GA3) induces flowering in Dieffenbachia maculata 'Perfection'. HortScience 15(5): 613.

Henny, R. J. 1981. Promotion of flowering in Spathiphyllum 'Mauna Loa' with Gibberellic Acid. HortScience 16(4): 554-555.

Henny, R. J. 1983. Dieffenbachia breeding: presence of fertility and sterility in parents and their hybrids. Aroideana 5: 110-111.

Henny, R. J. 1983. Breeding guidelines in the genus Aglaonema. Aroideana 5: 99-100.

Henny, R. J. 1983. Flowering of Aglaonema commutatum 'Treubii' following treatment with gibberellic acid. HortScience 18(3): 374.

Henny, R. J. 1983. Stimulation of flowering in Aglaonema with gibberellic acid (GA3). Aroideana 6(3): 71-72.

Henny, R. J. 1985. In vivo pollen germination of Aglaonema affected by relative humidity. HortScience 20(1): 142-143.

Henny, R. J. 1988. Aglaonema breeding. Aroideana 11(2): 15-22.

Henny, R. J. 1988. Pollen germination in Aglaonema flowers of different ages. HortScience 23(1): 218.

Henny, R. J. 1999. Gibberellic acid-induced flowering of Syngonium podophyllum Schott 'White Butterfly'. HortScience 34(4): 676-677.

Henny, R. J. and E. M. Rasmussen 1980. Growing and breeding Dieffenbachia. Aroideana 3: 65-68.

Henny, R. J. and E. M. Rasmussen 1980. Producing Dieffenbachia from seed. Aroideana 3: 94-95.

Henny, R. J. and E. M. Rasmussen 1980. Stimulation of flowering in Dieffenbachia. Aroideana 3: 96-97.

Henny, R. J. and R. L. Hamilton 1992. Flowering of Anthurium following treatment with gibberellic acid. HortScience 27(12): 1328.

Henny, R. J. and W. C. Fooshee 1983. Flowering of Aglaonema with gibberellic acid (GA3). A follow-up report. Aroideana 6: 135-136.

Hentrich, H., R. Kaiser and G. Gottsberger 2007. Floral scent collection at the perfume flowers of Anthurium rubrinervium (Araceae) by the kleptoparasitic orchid bee Aglae caerulea (Euglossini). Ecotropica 13: 149-155.

Hentrich, H., R. Kaiser and G. Gottsberger 2010. Floral biology and reproductive isolation by floral scent in three sympatric aroid species in French Guiana. Plant Biology 12(4): 587-596.

Herrera, J. 1988. Reproduccion sexual y multiplicacion vegetativa en Arisarum simorrhinum Durieu (Araceae). Lagascalia 15(1): 25-41.

Hesse, M., J. Bogner, H. Halbritter and M. Weber 2001. Palynology of the perigoniate Aroideae: Zamioculcas, Gonatopus and Stylochaeton (Araceae). Grana 40: 26-34.

Hesse, M., M. Weber and H.-M. Halbritter 1999. Pollen walls of Araceae, with special reference to their fossilization potential. Grana 38: 203-209.

Hesse, M., M. Weber and H. Halbritter (2000). A comparative study of the polyplicate pollen types in Arales, Laurales, Zingiberales and Gnetales. Pollen and spores: Morphology and Biology. M. M. Harley, C. M. Morton and S. Blackmore. Kew, The Royal Botanical Gardens: 227-239.

Hesse, M. 1980. Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermsippen der Alismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae und Araceae. Plant Systematics and Evolution 134: 229-267.

Hesse, M. 2006. Conventional and novel modes of exine patterning in members of ther Araceae - the consequence of ecological paradigm shifts? Protoplasma 228: 145-149.

Hesse, M. 2006. Pollen wall ultrastructure of Araceae and Lemnaceae in relation to molecular classifications. Aliso 22: 204-208.

Hesse, M. 2006. Reasons and consequences of the lack of a sporopollenin ektexine in Aroideae (Araceae). Flora 201: 421-428.

Hesse, M. and R. Zetter 2007. The fossil pollen record of Araceae. Plant Systematics and Evolution 263: 93-115.

Hetterscheid, W. L. A., P. L. Ibisch and E. G. Gonçalves 2003. Two new species of Araceae tribe Spathicarpeae from Bolivia. Brittonia 55(1): 37-41.

Hetterscheid, W. L. A., S. Ittenbach and J. Bogner 1999. Notes on the genus Amorphophallus (Araceae). 10. Revision of the endemic Amorphophallus species of Madagascar. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik 121(1): 1-17.

Hetterscheid, W. L. A. 2009? Chemical analysis of Amorphophallu scents.

Hetterscheid, W. L. A. and C.-I. Peng 1995. Notes on the genus Amorphophallus (Araceae). IV. Revision of the species in Taiwan. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica 36: 101-112.

Hetterscheid, W. L. A. and M. M. Serebryanyi 1994. Notes on the genus Amorphophallus (Araceae) - 3. Two new species from Vietnam. Blumea 39: 283-287.

Hetterscheid, W. L. A. and P. C. Boyce 2000. A reclassification of Sauromatum Schott and new species of Typhonium Schott (Araceae). Aroideana 23: 48-55.

Hetterscheid, W. L. A. and R. W. J. M. van der Ham 2001. Notes on the genus Amorphophallus (Araceae) - 11. New and obsolete species from East Malaysia and continental Southeast Asia. Blumea 46: 253-282.

Hietz, P., W. Wanek and M. Popp 1999. Stable isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen content in vascular epiphytes along an altitudinal transect. Plant Cell and Environment 22: 1435-1143.

Hinchee, M. A. W. 1981. Morphogenesis of aerial and subterranean roots of Monstera deliciosa. Botanical Gazette 142(3): 347-359.

Hiratsuka, A., T. Fujitaka and T. Kiruchi 1994. Size structure and seedling recruitment of Lysichiton camtschatcense population. Ecological Review 23(1): 7-15.

Hoefnagel, M. H. N. and J. T. Wiskich 1996. Alternative oxidase activity and the ubiquinone redox level in soybean cotyledon and Arum spadix mitochondria during NADH and succinate oxidation. Plant Physiology 110: 1329-1335.

Holtum, J. A. M., K. Winter, M. A. Weeks and T. R. Sexton 2007. Crassulacean acid metabolism in the ZZ plant, Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 94(10): 1670-1676.

Honda-Yafuso, M. 1983. Interspecific relationship between synhospitalic Drosophilella species (Diptera, Drosophilidae) inhabiting Alocasia odora on Okinawa Is., Japan. Kontyû, Tokyo 51(4): 520-527.

Howell, G. J., A. T. Slater and R. B. Knox 1993. Secondary pollen presentation in angiosperms and its biological significance. Australian Journal of Botany 41: 417-438.

Hruby, J. 1910. Le genre Arum. Aperçu systématique avec considérations spéciales sur les relations phylogénétiques des formes. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de Genève 4: 330-371.

Hsu, T. W., N. J. Chung and W. J. C. 2000. Rhaphidophora hongkongensis Schott (Araceae), a new addition to the flora of Taiwan. Taiwania 45(4): 323-327.

Huang, T. C., J. L. Hsiao and H. Y. Yeh 2000. Schismatoglottis kotoensis (Hayata) T. C. Huang, J. L. Hsiao & H. Y. Yeh (Araceae). Taiwania 45(4): 305-310.

Hubbard, H. G. 1895. Insect fertilization of an aroid plant. Insect Life 7: 340-345.

Huggett, B. and P. B. Tomlinson 2010. Aspects of vessel dimensions in the aerial roots of epiphytic Araceae. International Journal of Plant Sciences 171(4): 362-369.

Hull, J. C. 2002. Photosynthetic induction dynamics to sunflecks of four deciduous forest understory herbs with different phenologies. International Journal of Plant Sciences 163(6): 913-924.

I

Igersheim, A., M. Buzgo and P. K. Endress 2001. Gynoecium diversity and systematics in basal monocots. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 136: 1-65.

Imamura, J. S. and T. Higaki 1988. Effect of GA3 and BA on lateral shoot production on Anthurium. HortScience 23(2): 353-354.

Ito, K., K. Matsukawa and Y. Kato 2006. Functional analysis of skunk cabbage SfUCPB, a unique uncoupling protein lacking the fifth transmembrane domain, in yeast cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 349: 383-390.

Ito, K., K. Takahashi, Y. Umekawa, T. Imamura, S. Kawasaki, T. Ogata, Y. Kakizaki and R. S. Seymour 2013. Metabolite profiling reveals tissue- and temperature-specific metabolomic responses in thermoregulatory male florets of Dracunculus vulgaris (Araceae). Metabolomics 9: 919-930.

Ito, K., T. Ito, Y. Onda and M. Uemera 2004. Temperature-triggered periodical thermogenic oscillations in skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus). Plant Cell Physiology 45(3): 257-264.

Ito, K., Y. Abe, S. D. Johnston and R. S. Seymour 2003. Ubiquitous expression of a gene encoding for uncoupling protein isolated from the thermogenic inflorescence of the dead horse arum Helicodiceros muscivorus. Journal of Experimental Botany 54(384): 1113-1114.

Ito, K., Y. Onda, T. Sato, Y. Abe and M. Uemura 2003. Structural requirements for the perception of ambient temperature signals in homeothermic heat production of skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus feotidus). Plant, Cell and Environment 26: 783-788.

Ito, K. 1999. Isolation of two distinct cold-inducible cDNAs encoding plant uncoupling proteins from the spadix of skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus). Plant Science 149: 167-173.

Ito, K. and R. S. Seymour 2005. Expression of uncoupling protein and alternative oxidase depends on lipid or carbohydrate substrates in thermogenic plants. Biology letters 1:427-430.

Ito, T. and K. Ito 2005. Nonlinear dynamics of homeothermic temperature control in skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus feotidus. Physical Review E 72(051909): 6.

Ito-Inaba, Y., M. Sato, H. Masuko, Y. Hida, K. Toyooka, M. Watanabe and T. Inaba 2009? Developmental changes and organelle biogenesis in the reproductive organs of thermogenic skunk cabbage. Journal of Experimental Botany 60(13): 3909-3922.

Ito-Inaba, Y., Y. Hida and T. Inaba 2009. What is critical for plant thermogenesis? Differences in mitochondrial activity and protein expression between thermogenic and non-thermogenic skunk cabbages. Planta 231: 121-130.

Ivancic, A., O. Rouspard, J. Quero Garcia, M. Melteras, T. Molisale, S. Tara and V. Lebot 2008. Thermogenesis and flowering biology of Colocasia gigantea, Araceae. Journal of Plant Research 121: 73-82.

Ivancic, A., O. Rouspard, J. Quero Garcia, M. Sisko, A. U. Krajnc and V. Lebot 2009. Topology of heating tissues of Alocasia macrorrhizos (Araceae) inflorescences. Botany 87(12): 1232-1241.

Ivancic, A., O. Rouspard, J. Quero Garcia, V. Lebot, V. Pochyla and T. Okpul 2005. Thermogenic flowering of the giant taro (Alocasia macrorrhizos, Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 83: 647-655.

Ivancic, A., V. Lebot, O. Rouspard, J. Quero Garcia and T. Okpul 2004. Thermogenic flowering of taro (Colocasia esculenta, Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 82: 1557-1565.

Ivancic, A. 1995. Abnormal and unusual inflorescences of Taro, Colocasia esculenta (Araceae). Australian Journal of Botany 43: 475-489.

Ivancic, A. and V. Lebot 1999. Botany and genetics of new caledonian wild Taro, Colocasia esculenta. Pacific Science 53(3): 273-285.

J

Jacobsen, N. (1984). Lagenandra. The European Garden Flora. Volume II. Monocotyledons (Part II). S. M. Walters, A. Brady, C. D. Brickell et al. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 109-112.

Jacobsen, N. (1987). Cryptocoryne. A Revised Hanbook to the Flora of Ceylon. M. D. Dassanayake. New Delhi, Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. VI: 85-99.

Jacobsen, N. 1976. Notes on Cryptocoryne of Sri Lanka (Ceylon). Botanische Notiser 129: 179-190.

Jacobsen, N. 1977. Cryptocoryne dewitii N. Jacobsen sp. nov. (Araceae). Botanische Notiser 130: 381-382.

Jacobsen, N. 1979. Cryptocoryne gasseri N. Jacobsen, sp. nov. (Araceae). Botanische Notiser 132: 144.

Jacobsen, N. 1980. The Cryptocoryne albida group of mainland Asia (Araceae). Meded. Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 19: 183-204.

Jacobsen, N. 1985. The Cryptocoryne (Araceae) of Borneo. Nordic Journal of Botany 5(1): 31-50.

Jacome, J., G. Galeano, M. Amaya and M. Mora 2004. Vertical distribution of epiphytic and hemiepiphytic Araceae in a tropical rain forest in Choco, Colombia. Selbyana 25(1): 118-125.

Jaeger, P. (1976). Les rapports mutuels entre fleurs et insectes. Traité de Zoologie - Anatomie, Systématique, Biologie. P. P. Grassé. Paris, Masson. Tome VIII - Fascicule IV: 677-798.

Jaenike, J. 1978. Resource predictability and niche breadth in the Drosophila quinaria species group. Evolution 32(3): 676-678.

James, W. O. and D. C. Elliott 1958. A flavoprotein from Arum spadix. New Phytologist 57(2): 230-234.

James, W. O. and H. Beevers 1950. The respiration of Arum spadix. A rapid respiration, resistant to cyanide. New Phytologist 49: 353-374.

Jameson, M. L. and A. Drumont 2013. Aroid scarabs in the genus Peltonotus Burmeister (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae): key to species and new distributional data. ZooKeys 320: 63-95.

Jarmuszkiewicz, W., C. M. Sluse-Goffart, A. E. Vercesi and F. E. Sluse 2001. Alternative oxidase and uncoupling protein: thermogenesis versus cell energy balance. Bioscience Reports 21(2): 213-222.

Jean, R. V. and D. Barabé 1998. Phyllotaxis - the way ahead, a view on open questions and directions of research. Journal of Biological Systems 6(2): 95-126.

Jean, R. V. and D. Barabé 2001. Application of two mathematical models to the Araceae, a family of plants with enigmatic phyllotaxis. Annals of Botany 88: 173-186.

Jeune, B. and D. Barabé 1998. Interactions between physical and biological constraints in the structure of the inflorescences of the Araceae. Annals of Botany 82: 577-586.

Jeune, B. and D. Barabé 2002. The use of the Aboav-Weaire law to estimate a biological constraint. Journal of Biological Systems 10(1): 33-45.

Jeune, B. and D. Barabé 2004. Statistical recognition of random and regular phyllotactic patterns. Annals of Botany 94: 913-917.

Jezek, J. 1977. Reinstatement of the genus Tinearia Schellenberg (Diptera, Psychodidae). Acta entomologica bohemoslovenica 74: 232-241.

Jezek, J. 1983. Contribution to the taxonomy of the genus Logima Eat. (Diptera, Psychodidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 41: 213-234.

Jezek, J. 1983. Intergeneric relationships of selected tribes of the subfamily Psychodinae (Diptera, Psychodidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 41(255-259).

Jezek, J. 1984. Six new genera of the tribe Psychodini End. (Diptera, Psychodidae). Acta faunistica entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 17(198): 133-154.

Jezek, J. 1990. Redescriptions of nine common palaeartic and holartic species of Psychodini End. (Diptera: Psychodidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 43: 33-83.

Jezek, J. 2002. The first account of slovenian moth flies (Psychodidae, Diptera). Journal of the National Museum, Natural History Series 171(1-4): 131-175.

Jezek, J. 2007. New records of moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) from Poland with description of Apsycha gen. nov. Acta Zoologica Universitatis Comenianae 47(2): 145-160.

Jezek, J. and A. v. Harten 2005. Further new taxa and little-known species of non-biting moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) from Yemen. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 45: 199-220.

Jezek, J. and S. Yagci 2005. Common non-bitinh moth flies (Insecta, Diptera, Psychodidae) new to the fauna of Turkey. Acta Parasitologica Turcica 29(3): 188-192.

Johnson, M. A. T. and P. E. Brandham 1997. New chromosome numbers in petaloid monocotyledons and in other miscellaneous angiosperms. Kew Bulletin 52(1): 121-138.

Jongkind, C. C. H. 2010. Notes on the genus Cercestis (Araceae) and a new species from Liberia: Cercestis hepperi Jongkind sp. nov. Nordic Journal of Botany 28: 445-447.

Joshi, V. C. and M. K. Janarthanam 2004. The diversity of life-form type, habitat preference and phenology of the endemics in the Goa region of the Western Ghats, India. Journal of Biogeography 31: 1227-1237.

Jung, Y.-H., E. Y. Song, S. J. Chun, K. C. Jang, M. Kim, S. H. Kang and S. C. Kim 2004. Phylogenetic analysis of plastid trnL-trnF sequences from Arisaema species (Araceae) in Korea. Euphytica 138:81-88.

Jürgens, A., S.-L. Wee, A. Shuttleworth and S. D. Johnson 2013. Chemical mimicry of insect oviposition sites: a global analysis of convergence in angiosperms. Ecology Letters 16: 1157-1167.

K

Kakehashi, M. and E. Kinoshita 1990. An application of sex allocation theory to Arisaema serratum. Plant Species Biology 5: 121-129.

Kakehashi, M. and Y. Harada 1987. A theory of reproductive allocation based on size-specific demography. Plant Species Biology 2: 1-13.

Kamari, G., F. Felber and F. Garbari 1992. Mediterranean chromosome number reports - 2. Flora Mediterranea 2: 223-278.

Kamari, G., F. Felber and F. Garbari 1995. Mediterranean chromosome number reports - 5. Flora Mediterranea 5: 261-373.

Kamata, T., K. Matsukawa, Y. Kakizaki and K. Ito 2009. In vivo redox state of the ubiquinone pool in the spadices of the thermogenic skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus renifolius. Journal of Plant Research 122: 645-649.

Kane, M. E., G. L. Davis, D. B. McConnell and J. A. Gargiulo 1999. In vitro propagation of Cryptocoryne wendtii. Aquatic Botany 63: 197-202.

Kane, M. E., G. L. Davis, T. D. Hoffner and R. J. Henny 1995. Gibberellins promote flowering in two Cryptocoryne species. HortScience 30(2): 380.

Kaplan, Z. and J. Stepanek 2003. Genetic variation within and between populations of Potamogeton pusillus agg. Plant Systematics and Evolution 239: 95-112.

Kato, T., B. Frei, M. Heinrich and O. Sticher 1996. Antibacterial hydroperoxysterols from Xanthosoma robustum. Phytochemistry 41(4): 1191-1195.

Keates, S. E., N. M. Tarlyn, F. A. Loewus and V. R. Franceschi 2000. L-Ascorbic acid and L-galactose are sources for oxalic acid and calcium oxalate in Pistia stratiotes. Phytochemistry 53: 433-440.

Keating, R. C. 2000. Collenchyma in Araceae: trends and relation to classification. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 134: 203-214.

Keating, R. C. 2003. Leaf anatomical characters and their value in understanding morphoclines in the Araceae. The Botanical Review 68(4): 510-523.

Kessler, M. 2001. Maximum plant-community endemism at intermediate intensities of anthropogenic disturbance in Bolivian montane forests. Conservation Biology 15(3): 634-641.

Kessler, M. 2001. Patterns of diversity and range size of selected plant groups along an elevational transect in the Bolivian Andes. Biodiveristy and Conservation 10: 1897-1921.

Kessler, M. 2002. The elevational gradient of Andean plant endemism: varying influences of taxon-specific traits and topography at different taxonomic levels. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1159-1165.

Kessler, M. and T. B. Croat 1999. State of knowledge of Bolivian Araceae. Selbyana 20(2): 224-234.

Kettle, D. S. 1957. Preliminary observations on weather conditions and the activity of biting flies. Proceedings of the Royal entomological Society of London (A) 32: 13-20.

Kevan, P. G. 1989. How honey bees forage for pollen at skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus (Araceae). Apidologie 20: 485-490.

Kibota, T. T. and S. P. Courtney 1991. Jack of one trade, master of none: host choice by Drosophila magnaquinaria. Oecologia 86: 251-260.

Kieffer, J.-J. 1925. Diptères (Nématocères piqueurs): Chironomidae Ceratopogoninae. Paris, Lechevalier, P.

Killian, C. 1929. Développement et biologie de l'Ambrosinia Bassii L. 1ère partie. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 20: 257-278.

Killian, C. 1933. Développement , biologie et répartition de l'Ambrosinia Bassii L. 2ème partie. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 24: 259-294.

Kim, J.-H. and K.-H. Tae 2005. Pinellia koreana (Araceae), a new species from Korea. Novon 15: 484-487.

Kinoshita, E. 1986. Size-sex relationship and sexual dimorphism in Japanese Arisaema (Araceae). Ecological Research 1: 157-171.

Kinoshita, E. 1987. Sex change and population dynamics in Arisaema (Araceae). I. Arisaema serratum (Thunb.) Schott. Plant Species Biology 2: 15-28.

Kinoshita, E. and Y. Harada 1990. Sex change and population dynamics in Arisaema (Araceae) II. An examination on the evolutionary stability of sex changing schedule of A. serratum (Thunb.) Schott. Plant Species Biology 5: 225-234.

Kitching, R. L., Ed. Yea). Food webs and container habitats - The natural history and ecology of phytotelmata, Cambridge University Press.

Kite, G. C., H. J. Sharp, P. S. Hill and P. C. Boyce 1997. Polyhydroxyalkaloids in the aroid tribes Nephthytideae and Aglaonemateae: Phytochemical support for an intertribal relationship. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 25(8): 757-766.

Kite, G. C., W. L. A. Hetterscheid, M. J. Lewis, P. C. Boyce, J. Ollerton, E. Cocklin, A. Diaz and M. S. J. Simmonds (1998). Inflorescence odours and pollinators of Arum and Amorphophallus (Araceae). Reproductive Biology. S. J. Owens and P. J. Rudall. Kew, Royal Botanical Gardens: 295-315.

Kite, G. C. 1995. The floral odour of Arum maculatum. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 23(4): 343-354.

Kite, G. C. 2000. Inflorescence odour of the foul-smelling aroid Helicodiceros muscivorus. Kew Bulletin 55: 237-240.

Kite, G. C. and W. L. A. Hetterscheid 1997. Inflorescence odours of Amorphophallus and Pseudodracontium (Araceae). Phytochemistry 46(1): 71-75.

Klotz, L. H. 1992. On the biology of Orontium aquaticum L. (Araceae), golden club or floating Arum. Aroideana 15: 25-33.

Knecht, M. 1983. Aracées de Côte d'Ivoire - Contribution à l'étude biosystématique des représentants d'Aracées de la Côte d'Ivoire. Phanerogamarum Monographiae - Tom. XVII. ????, Cramer, Vaduz: 290.

Knoll, F. 1926. Die Arum-Blütenstände and ihre besucher (Insekten und Blumen IV). Abhandlungen der Zool.-Botan. Gesellschaft in Wien 12: 381-481.

Knoz, J. and J. Michalek 1987. The statistical evaluation of the climatic factors influence upon flying activity of the genus Culicoides (Ceratopogonidae, Diptera) on the South Moravia territory (Czechoslovakia). 549-560.

Knuth, P. 1908. Hanbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig, Engelmann, W.

Knuth, P. 1909. Hanbook of flower pollination. Oxford, Clarendon Press.

Knutson, R. M. 1972. Temperature measurements of the spadix of Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Nutt. The American Midland Naturalist 88(1): 251-254.

Knutson, R. M. 1974. Heat production and temperature regulation in eastern skunk cabbage. Science 186(22 November): 746-747.

Knutson, R. M. 1979. Plants in heat. Natural History 88(3): 42-47.

Koach, J. 1985. Bio-ecological studies of flowering and pollination in Israeli Araceae. Tel-Aviv, Tel-Aviv. Doctor of Philosophy: 180.

Koach, J. and G. J. 1986? The breeding mechanisms in Arum hygrophilum Boiss. non pub.

Koach, J. and J. Galil 1986. The breeding system of Arisarum vulgare Targ - Tozz. Israel Journal of Botany 35: 79-90.

Kobayashi, T., J. Murata and K. Watanabe 2005. Two new putative natural hybrids in Japanese Arisaema (Araceae). Acta Phytotaxonomy and Geobotany 56(1): 105-110.

Kohlmann, B., D. Roderus, O. Elle, A. Solis, X. Soto and R. Russo 2010. Biodiversity conservation in Costa Rica: a correspondence analysis between identified biodiversity hotspots (Araceae, Arecaceae, Bromeliaceae, and Scarabaeinae) and conservation priority life zones. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 81: 511-559.

Korotkova, N. and W. Barthlott 2009. On the thermogenesis of Titan arum (Amorphophallus titanum). Plant Signaling & Behaviour 4(11): 1096-1098.

Kraemer, M. and U. Schmitt 1999. Possible pollination by hummingbirds in Anthurium sanguineum Engl. (Araceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 217: 333-335.

Krajncic, B., J. Kristl and I. Janzekovic 2006. Possible role of jasmonic acid in the regulation of floral induction, evocation and floral differentiation in Lemna minor L. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 44: 752-758.

Kramadibrata, K. and G. G. Hambali 1983. Peranan beberapa seranga pengunjung perbungaan pada penyerbukan Colocasia esculenta var. esculenta dan C. gigantea. Berita Biologi 2(1): 143-146.

Kreft, H., N. Köster, W. Küper, J. Nieder and W. Barthlott 2004. Diversity and biogeography of vascular epiphytes in Western Amazonia, Yasuni, Ecuador. Journal of Biogeography 31: 1463-1476.

Krömer, T., M. Kessler, S. R. Gradstein and A. Acebey 2005. Diversity patterns of vascular epiphytes along an elevational gradient in the Andes. Journal of Biogeography 32: 1799-1809.

Kuanprasert, N., A. R. Kuehnle and C. S. Tang 1998. Floral fragrance compounds of some Anthurium (Araceae) species and hybrids. Phytochemistry 49(2): 521-528.

Kuanprasert, N. and A. R. Kuehnle 1999. Fragrance quality, emission, and inheritance in Anthurium species and hybrids. Aroideana 22: 48-62.

Kullenberg, B. 1953. Observationer över Arum-pollinerare i Libanons kustomade. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 47(1): 24-29.

Kumano, Y. and Yamaoka 2006. Synchronization between heat generation, temporal variations in floral scents and pollinator arrivals in the beetle-pollinated tropical Araceae, Homalomena propinqua. Plant Species Biology 21(3): 173-183.

Kumano-Nomura, Y. and R. Yamaoka 2009. Beetle visitations and associatins with quantitative variations of attractants in floral odors of Homalomena propinqua (Araceae). Journal of Plant Research 122: 183-192.

Kvacek, Z. 1995. Limnobiophyllum Krassilov - a fossil link between the Araceae and the Lemnaceae. Aquatic Botany 50: 49-61.

Kvacek, Z. 1998. Bilina: a window on early Miocene marshland environments. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology 101: 111-123.

Kvacek, Z. and A. B. Herman 2004. Monocotyledons from the early Campanin (Cretaceous) of Grünbach, Lower Austria. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology 128: 323-353.

Küper, W., H. Kreft, J. Nieder, N. Köster and W. Barthlott 2004. Large-scale diversity patterns of vascular epiphytes in Neotropical montane rain forests. Journal of Biogeography 31: 1477-1487.

L

Lachmann, A. D., C. Baier and M. Mierke 2000. Life cycle of Psychoda cinerea, P. parthenogenetica and P. trinodulosa (Diptera, Psychodidae). 1. Larvae and pupae. Studia dipterologica 7: 525-531.

Lachmann, A. D., C. Baier and M. Mierke 2000. Life cycle of Psychoda cinerea, P. parthenogenetica and P. trinodulosa (Diptera, Psychodidae). 2. Adults. Studia dipterologica 7: 533-542.

Lack, A. J. and A. Diaz 1991. The pollination of Arum maculatum L. - a historical review and new observations. Watsonia 18: 333-342.

Lamarck de, M. M. 1803 -1815. Histoire Naturelle des végétaux classés par familles Flore française.

Lamb, A. 1956. An investigation of the efficiency of the pollination mechanism in lords-and-ladies. Blundell's School Scientific Society's Magazine 2: 33-37.

Lamkadem, M., A. Melhaoui, J. Mimouni and R. Fontonge 2001. Cytotoxic effect and electrophysiologic activity of (R)-bgugaine, an alkylpyrrolidine alkaloid against MRC-5 fibroblasts. Toxicon 39: 485-490.

Lamprecht, I., E. Schmolz, L. Blanco and C. M. Romero 2002. Flower ovens: thermal investigations on heat producing plants. Thermochimica Acta 391(1-2): 107-118.

Lamprecht, I. and R. S. Seymour 2010. Thermologic investigations of three species of Amorphophallus. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 102: 127-136.

Lance, C. 1972. La respiration de l'Arum maculatum au cours de développement de l'inflorescence. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Botanique XIII(12ème Série): 477-495.

Lance, C. 1974. Respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation in Arum maculatum mitochondria. Plant Science Letters 2: 165-171.

Landolt, E. (1987). Eco-geographical differentiation in some aquatic plants: the Lemnaceae. Differentiation patterns in higher plants. K. M. Urbanska. London, Academic Press: 201-215.

Laube, S. and G. Zotz 2006. Neither host-specific nor random: vascular epiphytes on three species in a Panamanian lowland forest. Annals of Botany 97: 1103-1114.

Leach, G. R., K. Krab, D. G. Whitehouse and A. L. Moore 1996. Kinetic analysis of the mitochondrial quinol-oxidizing enzymes during development of thermogenesis in Arum maculatum L. Biochemical Journal 317: 313-319.

Learner, M. A. 2000. Egression of flies from sewage filter-beds. Water Research 34(3): 877-889.

Lecat, P. 1951. Répartition et variations du système ascorbique: 284-286.

Lecron J.-M. and F. Malaisse 1999. Les Araceae du Haut-Katanga (République démocratique du Congo). Bulletin du Jardin Botanique Naturel de Belgique 67: 289-334.

Lee, S., S. Lee, K. Heo and S.-C. Kim 2010. Palynological insights of the eastern Asian and eastern North American disjunct genus Symplocarpus (Araceae). Journal of Plant Research 123: 723-729.

Leguet, A., M. Gibernau, L. Shintu, S. Caldarelli, S. Moja, S. Baudino and J.-C. Caissard 2014. Evidence for early intracellular accumulation of volatile compounds during spadix development in Arum italicum L. and preliminary data on some tropical Aroids. . Naturwissenschaften 101(8): 623-635.

Lehmann, N. L. and R. Sattler 1992. Irregular floral development in Calla palustris (Araceae) and the concept of homeosis. American Journal of Botany 79(10): 1145-1157.

Leick, E. 1915. Die erwärmungstypen der Araceen und ihre blütenbiologische deutung. Berichte Deustchen Botanischen Gesellschaft 33: 350-351.

Leimbeck, R. M. (2002). Araceae en el sur de Ecuador. Botanica austroecuatoriana - Estudios sobre los recursos vegetales en las provincias de El Oro, Loja y Zamora-Chinchipe. Z. Aguirre, J. E. Madsen, E. Cotton and H. Balslev. Quito, Abya Yala: 171-183.

Leimbeck, R. M., R. Valencia and H. Balslev 2004. Landscape diversity patterns and endemism of Araceae in Ecuador. Biodiversity and Conservation 13: 1755-1779.

Leimbeck, R. M. and H. Balslev 2001. Species richness and abundance of epiphytic Araceae on adjacent floodplain and upland in Amazonian Ecuador. Biodiversity and Conservation 10: 1579-1593.

Lemon, G. D. and U. Posluszny 2000. Comparative shoot development and evolution in the Lemnaceae. International Journal of Plant Sciences 161(5): 733-748.

Lemon, G. D. and U. Posluszny 2000. Shoot development and evolution in Pistia stratiotes (Araceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 161(5): 721-732.

Leport, L. and F. Larher 1991. La proline: marqueur de fertilité et précurseur d'amines chez Arum maculatum L. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris, Série III 312: 567-572.

Les, D. H., D. J. Crawford, E. Landolt, J. D. Gabel and R. T. Kimball 2002. Phylogeny and Systematics of Lemnaceae, the Duckweed family. Systematic Botany 27(2): 221-240.

Letty, C. 1973. The genus Zantedeschia. Bothalia 11(1 & 2): 5-26.

Lev-Yadun, S. and M. Inbar 2002. Defensive ant, aphids and caterpillar mimicry in plants? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 77: 393-398.

Levine, M. T. and I. C. Feller 2004. Effects of forest age and disturbance on population persistence in the understory herb, Arisaema triphyllum (Araceae). Plant Ecology 172: 73-82.

Lewis, J. A., C. J. Moore, M. T. Fletcher, R. A. Drew and W. Kitching 1988. Volatile compounds from the flowers of Spathiphyllum cannaefolium. Phytochemistry 27(9): 2755-2757.

Li, N.-N., M. J. Toda, Z. Fu, J.-M. Chen, S.-H. Li and J.-J. Gao 2014. Taxonomy of the Colocasiomyia gigantea species group (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with descriptions of four new species from Yunnan, China. ZooKeys 406: 41-64.

Li, X.-X. and Z.-K. Zhou 2007. Th higher-level phylogeny of monocots based on matK, rbcL and 18S rDNA sequences. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 45(2): 113-133.

Liang, Z., J. Zhang, L. Wong, T. Yi, H. Chen and Z. Zhao 2013. Characterization of secondary metabolites from the raphides of calcium oxalate contained in three Araceae family plants using laser microdissection and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time of flight-mass spectrometry. European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 19: 195-210.

Liao, L. C. and J. Y. Hsiao 1998. Relationship between population genetic structure and riparian habitat as revealed by RAPD analysis of the reophyte Acorus gramineus Soland. (Araceae) in Taiwan. Molecular Ecology 7: 1275-1281.

Lino-Neto, T., M. C. Piques, C. Barbeta, M. F. Sousa, R. M. Tavares and M. S. S. Pais 2004. Identification of Zantedeschia aethiopica Cat1 and Cat2 catalase genes and their expression analysis during spathe senescence and regreening. Plant Science 167: 889-898.

Linz, J., J. Stökl, I. Urru, T. Krügel, M. C. Stensmyr and B. S. Hansson 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Arum (Araceae) inferred from multi-locus sequence data and AFLPs. Taxon 59(2): 405-415.

Lobin, W., M. Neumann, J. Bogner and P. C. Boyce 2007. A new Arum species (Areae, Araceae) from NE Turkey and Georgia. Willdenowia 37: 445-449.

Loh, J. P., R. Kiew, A. Hay, A. Kee, L. H. Gan and Y.-Y. Gan 2000. Intergenic and interspecific relationships in Araceae tribe Caladieae and development of molecular markers using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Annals of Botany 85: 371-378.

Loh, J. P., R. Kiew, A. Kee, L. H. Gan and Y.-Y. Gan 1999. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) provides molecular markers for the identification of Caladium bicolor cultivars. Annals of Botany 84: 155-161.

Long, C.-L. and K.-M. Liu 2001. Colocasia lihengiae (Araceae: Colocasieae), a new species from Yunnan, China. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica 42: 313-317.

Lopez-Portillo, J., F. W. Ewers, G. Angeles and J. B. Fisher 2000. Hydraulic architecture of Monstera acuminata: evolutionary consequences of the hemiepiphytic growth form. New Phytologist 145: 289-299.

Lorenzo, N., D. G. Mantuano and A. Mantovani 2010. Comparative leaf ecophysiology and anatomy of seedlings, young and adult individuals of the epiphytic aroid Anthurium scandens (Aubl.) Engl. Environmental and Experimental Botany 68: 314-322.

Lovett-Doust, L., J. Lovett-Doust and K. Turi 1986. Fecundity and size relationships in Jack-in-the pulpit, Arisaema triphyllum (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 73(4): 489-494.

Lovett Doust, J. and P. B. Cavers 1982. Resource allocation and gender in the green dragon Arisaema dracontium (Araceae). The American Midland Naturalist 108(1): 144-148.

Lovett Doust, J. and P. B. Cavers 1982. Sex and gender dynamics in Jack-in-the-pulpit, Arisaema triphyllum (Araceae). Ecology 63(3): 797-808.

Low, S. H., S. Y. Wong and P. C. Boyce 2014. Schottarum (Schismatoglottidae: Araceae) substantiated based on combined nuclear and plastid DNA sequences. Plant Systematics & Evolution 300: 607-617.

Lozano, E. R. 2002. Estudio comparado de efectividad de tres métodos paraz la captura de flebotomos (Diptera, Psychodidae) en un area endémica de leishmaniasis en el sureste español. Boletino Real de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural (Section Biologia) 97(1-4): 75-83.

Lytle, C. M., B. N. Smith, M. S. Hopkin, L. D. Hansen and R. S. Criddle 2000. Oxygen-dependence of metabolic heat production in the appendix tissue of the voodoo lily (Sauromatum guttatum Schott). Thermochimica Acta 349: 135-140.

M

Mabberley, D. J. 1990. The plant-book. Cambridge, University Press.

Madison, M. 1977. A revision of Monstera (Araceae). Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 207: 3-100.

Madison, M. 1978. A new species of Xanthosoma from Ecuador. Aroideana 1(1): 24-25.

Madison, M. 1979. Notes on some aroids along the Rio Negro, Brazil. Aroideana 2: 67-77.

Madison, M. 1979. Protection of developing seeds in Neotropical Araceae. Aroideana 2: 52-61.

Madison, M. 1981. Notes on Caladium (Araceae) and its allies. Selbyana 5(3-4): 342-377.

Magrou, J. 1936. Culture et inoculation du champignon symbiotique de l'Arum maculatum. Comptes Rendus (de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris) 203(Séance du 3 novembre): 887-888.

Maia, A. C. D., C. Schlindwein, D. M. A. F. Navarro and M. Gibernau 2010. Pollination of Philodendron acutatum (Araceae) in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil: a single scarab beetle species guarantees high fruit set. International Journal of Plant Sciences 171(7): 740-748.

Maia, A. C. D., M. Gibernau, A. T. Carvalho, E. G. Gonçalves and C. Schlindwein 2013. The cowl does not make the monk: scarab beetle pollination of the Neotropical aroid Taccarum ulei (Araceae, Spathicarpeae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 108: 22-34.

Maia, A. C. D., M. Gibernau, S. Dötterl, D. M. do Amaral Ferraz Navarro, K. Seifert, T. Müller and C. Schlindwein 2013. The floral scent of Taccarum ulei (Araceae): attraction of scarab beetle pollinators to an unusual aliphatic acyloin. Phytochemistry 93: 71-78.

Maia, A. C. D., S. Dötterl, R. Kaiser, I. Silberbauer-Gottsberger, H. Teichert, M. Gibernau, D. M. do Amaral Ferraz Navarro, C. Schlindwein and G. Gottsberger 2012. The key role of 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole in the attraction of scarab beetle pollinators: a unique olfactory floral signal shared by Annonaceae and Araceae. Journal of Chemical Ecology 38(9): 1072-1080.

Maia, A. C. D. and C. Schlindwein 2006. Caladium bicolor (Araceae) and Cyclocephala celata (Coleoptera, Dynastinae): a well-established pollination system in the Northern Atlantic rainforest of Pernambuco, Brazil. Plant Biology 8: 529-534.

Maki, M. and J. Murata 2001. Allozyme analysis of the hybrid origin of Arisaema ehimense (Araceae). Heredity 86: 87-93.

Malaisse, F. and P. Bamps 1994. Révision du genre Stylochaeton (Araceae) au Shaba (Zaïre). Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 63: 69-79.

Malvesin-Fabre, G. 1944. Remarques sur la phytogéographie et la biologie d'Arum italicum Mill. et d'A. maculatum L. Procès-verbaux de la Société Linéenne de Bordeaux 93: 112-116.

Malvesin-Fabre, G. 1945. Remarques biologiques sur Dracunculus vulgaris Schott. Procès-verbaux de la Société Linéenne de Bordeaux 93: 128-130.

Mansion, G., G. Rosenblaum, N. Schoenenberger, G. Bacchetta, J. A. Rossello and E. Conti 2008. Phylogenetic analysis informed by geological history supports multiple, sequential invasions of the Mediterranean basin by the Angiosperm family Araceae. Systematic Biology 57(2): 269-285.

Mantovani, A. 1999. Leaf morpho-physiology and distribution of epiphytic aroids a long a vertical gradient in a Brazilian rain forest. Selbyana 20(2): 241-249.

Mantovani, A. and T. E. Pereira 2005. Comparative anatomy of leaf and spathe of nine species of Anthurium (section Urospadix, subsection Flavescentiviridia) (Araceae) and their diagnostic potential for taxonomy. Rodriguésia 56(88): 145-160.

Marchant, C. J. 1970. Chromosome variation in Araceae: I. Kew Bulletin 24: 315-323.

Marchant, C. J. 1971. Chromosome variation in Araceae: II. Kew Bulletin 25(1): 47-56.

Marchant, C. J. 1971. Chromosome variation in Araceae: III. Kew Bulletin 25(2): 323-329.

Marchant, C. J. 1972. Chromosome variation in Araceae: IV. Kew Bulletin 26(3): 395-404.

Marchant, C. J. 1973. Chromosome variation in Araceae: V. Kew Bulletin 28(2): 199-210.

Martelli, U. 1890. Osservazioni sull'Arum pictum e suoi pronubi. Nuovo Giornale de Botanica Italiana 22: 129-132.

Marutani, M. and H. Kamemoto 1983. Transmission and significance of B chromosomes in Anthurium warocqueanum. American Journal of Botany 70(1): 40-46.

Matile, P. 1958. Uber die Lichtabhängigkeit der Blütenwärme von Arum italicum. Berichte der Schweizerscken B. Ges. 68: 295-306.

Matsukawa, K., T. Ito, Y. Onda, Y. Ito, M. Morohashi, M. Ichikawa, Y. Ito and K. Ito 2007? Mitochondria act as a thermal sensor in the homeothermic skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus. unpublished.

Matsumoto, T. K., A. R. Kuehnle and D. T. Webb 1995. Improvements for observing Anthurium (Araceae) floral structures by light microscopy. Biotechnic & Histochemistry 70(4): 205-210.

Matsumoto, T. K., A. R. Kuehnle and D. T. Webb 1998. Zygotic embryogenesis in Anthurium (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 85(11): 1560-1568.

Matsumoto, T. K., D. T. Webb and A. R. Kuehnle 1996. Histology and origin of somatic embryos derived from Anthurium andraeanum Linden ex André Lamina. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 121(3): 404-407.

Maxwell, D. P., Y. Wang and L. McIntosh 1999. The alternative oxidase lowers mitochondrial reactive oxygen production in plant cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 96(July): 8271-8276.

Mayo, S. 1980. Biarums for pleasure. Aroideana 3: 32-35.

Mayo, S. J., E. Widjaja and P. Gibbon 1982. Amorphophallus lambii. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 184(2): 61-64.

Mayo, S. J., J. Bogner and P. C. Boyce 1994. Gearum (Araceae) rediscovered. Kew Bulletin 49(4): 785-788.

Mayo, S. J., J. Bogner and P. C. Boyce 1997. The genera of Araceae. Kew, The Trustees, Royal Botanical Gardens.

Mayo, S. J. 1982. Anthurium acaule (Jacq.) Schott (Araceae) and West Indian 'bird's nest' Anthuriums. Kew Bulletin 63(4): 691-719.

Mayo, S. J. 1988. Aspectos da evolução e da geografia do gênero Philodendron Schott (Araceae). Acta botanica brasilens 1(2): 27-40.

Mayo, S. J. 1989. Observations of gynoecial structure in Philodendron (Araceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 100: 139-172.

Mayo, S. J. 1990. History and infrageneric nomenclature of Philodendron (Araceae). Kew Bulletin 45(1): 37-71.

Mayo, S. J. 1991. A revision of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae). Kew Bulletin 46: 601-681.

Mayo, S. J. and I. M. Andrade 2013. A morphometric and taxonomic study of Monstera (Araceae) in Bahia, Brazil. Feddes Repertorium 124(1): 7-30.

Mayo, S. J. and R. D. Meikle (1985). Araceae - Flora of Chyprus. Flora of Chyprus: 1664-1671.

Mazurkiewicz, M. and J. Kubrakiewicz 1998. Ontogenesis of the ovary in a moth midge, Tinearia alternata Say (Diptera: Psychodidae). Journal of Morphology 236: 167-177.

McAlpine, D. K. 1978. Description and biology of a new genus of flies related to Anthoclusia and representing a new family (Diptera, Schizophora, Neurochaetidae). Annals of the Natal Museum 23(2): 273-295.

McAlpine, D. K. 1988. Studies in upside-down flies (Diptera: Neurochaetidae). Part I. Systematics and phylogeny. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 110(1): 31-58.

McAlpine, D. K. 1988. Studies in upside-down flies (Diptera: Neurochaetidae). Part II. Biology, adaptations, and specific mating mechanisms. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 110(1): 59-82.

McAlpine, D. K. 1993. Review of the upside-down flies (Diptera: Neurochaetidae) of Madagascar and Africa, and evolution of Neurochaetid host plant associations. Records of the Australian Musuem 45: 221-239.

McCann, C. 1943. 'Light-windows' in certain flowers. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society 44: 182-185.

Medecilo, M. P., G. C. Yao and D. A. Madulid 2007. A new species of Alocasia (Araceae: Colocasieae) from Panay Island, Philippines. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 1(2): 815-818.

Meeuse, B. J. D. (1978). The physiology of some sapromyophilous flowers. The pollination of flowers by insects. A. J. Richards. London, Academic Press: 97-104.

Meeuse, B. J. D., E. L. Schneider, C. M. Hess, K. Kirkwood and J. M. Patt 1984. Activation and possible role of the "food-bodies" of Sauromatum (Araceae). Acta Botanica Neerlendica 33(4): 483-496.

Meeuse, B. J. D. 1975. Thermogenic respiration in aroids. Annual Reviews in Plant Physiology 26: 117-126.

Meeuse, B. J. D. and I. Raskin 1988. Sexual reproduction in the arum lily family, with emphasis on thermogenicity. Sexual Plant Reproduction 1: 3-15.

Meeuse, B. J. D. and M. H. Hatch 1960. Beetle pollination in Dracunculus and Sauromatum (Araceae). The Coleopterists' Bulletin 14: 70-74.

Meeuse, B. J. D. and R. G. Buggeln 1969. Time, space, light and darkness in the metabolic flare-up of the Sauromatum appendix. Acta Botanica Neerlendica 18(1): 159-172.

Meija, J. and V. G. Soukup 2004. Phenyl-terminated fatty acids in seeds of various aroids. Phytochemistry 65: 2229-2237.

Meijere, J. C. H. d. 1914. Studien über südostasiatische dipteren IX. Tijdschr. Ent. 57: 137-276.

Melendez-Lopez, E., M. A. Pérez-Farrera and T. B. Croat 2003. Additional notes on Anthurium rionegrense Matuda. Morphology, habitat and distribution. Aroideana 26: 10-15.

Melhaoui, A., A. Jossang and B. Bodo 1992. Structure of Irniine, a pyrrolidine alkaloid from Arisarum vulgare. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 950-952.

Melo, N., R. M. Tavares, F. Morais, J. G. Barroso and M. S. S. Pais 1995. Lipid composition of thylakoid membranes from leaves and regreened spathes of Zantedeschia aethiopica. Phytochemistry 40(5): 1367-1371.

Melolonthidae): a cloud forest endemic beetle. Acta Zoologica Mexicana 73: 145-153.

Menzel, F. and J. Martens 1995. Die Sciaridae (Diptera, Nematocera) des Nepal-Himalaya

Messner, T. C. and B. Schindler 2010. Plant processing strategies and their affect upon starch grain survival when rendering Peltandra virginica (L.) Kunth, Araceae edible. Journal of Archaeological Science 37: 328-336.

Meyer, C. F. J. and G. Zotz 2004. Do growth and survival of aerial roots limit the vertical distribution of hemiepiphytic aroids? Biotropica 36(4): 483-491.

Michell, M. R. 1916. The Embryo sac of Richardia africana Kth. Botanical Gazette 61(LXI - April): 325-339.

Miller, R. E., N. M. Grant, L. Giles, M. Ribas-Carbo, J. A. Berry, J. R. Watling and S. A. Robinson 2011. In the heat of the night - alternative pathway respiration drives thermogenesis in Philodendron bipinnatifidum. New Phytologist 189: 1013-1026.

Minorsky, P. V. 2003. The Hot and the Classic - Plant thermogenesis and thermoregulation. Plant Physiology 132: 25-26.

Miyake, T. and M. Yafuso 2003. Floral scents affect reproductive success in fly-pollinated Alocasia odora (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 90(3): 370-376.

Miyake, T. and M. Yafuso 2005. Pollination of Alocasia cucullata (Araceae) by two Colocasiomyia flies known to be specific pollinators for Alocasia odora. Plant Species Biology 20: 201-208.

Mogg, R. J. and J. M. Bond 2003. A cheap, reliable and rapid method of extracting high-quality DNA from plants. Molecular Ecology Notes 3: 666-668.

Monaco, P. and L. Previtera 1991. A steroid from Pistia stratiotes. Phytochemistry 30(7): 2420-2422.

Montalvo, A. M. and J. D. Ackerman 1986. Relative pollinator effectiveness and evolution of floral traits in Spathiphyllum friedrichsthalii (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 73(12): 1665-1676.

Monteith, G. B. 1973. Entomological notes: dung beetles as pollinators of an Arum Lily. News Bulletin Entomological Society of Queensland. 97: 13.

Monti, G. and F. Garbari 1974. Appunti citotassonomici sul genere Biarum Schott (Araceae) in Italia. Giornale Botanico Italiano 108: 19-26.

Moodie, G. E. E. 1976. Heat production and pollination in Araceae. Canadian Journal of Botany 54: 545-546.

Moore, M. R. and M. L. Jameson 2013. Floral associations of cyclocephaline scarab beetles. Journal of Insect Sciences 13(100): 43.

Mora, M., R. Bernal, T. B. Croat and J. Jacome 2006. A phytogeographic analysis of Araceae of Cabo Corrientes (Choco, Colombia) and comparable lowland tropical Ametican floras. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 93(2): 359-366.

Mori, Y. and H. Okada 2001. Reproduction biology and pollen flow of a rheophytic aroid, Furtadoa sumatrensis (Araceae) in the Malesian wet tropics. Plant Systematics and Evolution 227: 37-47.

Moron, M.-A. 1997. Notas sobre Cyclocephala Latreille (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) asociadas con Xanthosoma Schott (Araceae) en Chiapas, México. G. it. Ent. 8: 399-407.

Muelas-Serrano, S., R. A. Martinez-Diaz, J. A. Escario, A. R. Martinez-Fernandez and A. Gomez-Barrio 2000. In vitro screening of American plant extracts on Trypanosoma cruzi and Trichomonas vaginalis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 71: 101-107.

Muraoka, H., Y. Tang, H. Koizumi and I. Washitani 2002. Effects of light and soil water availability on leaf photosynthesis and growth of Arisaema heterophyllum,a riparian forest understorey plant. Journal of Plant Research 115: 419-427.

Muraoka, H., Y. Tang, I. Terashima, H. Koizumi and I. Washitani 2000. Contributions of diffusional limitation, photoinhibition and photorespiration to midday depression of photosynthesis in Arisaema heterophyllum in natural high light. Plant Cell and Environment 23: 235-250.

Murata, J. 1987. Diversity in the stem morphology of Arisaema (Araceae). Plant Species Biology 2: 57-66.

Murata, J. 1990. Diversity of shoot morphology in Typhonium (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 77(11): 1475-1481.

Murata, J. 1991. The systematic position of Arisaema nepenthoides and A. wattii (Araceae). Kew Bulletin 46(1): 119-128.

Murata, J. and S. J. Mayo 1991. A new combination in Typhonium (Araceae). Kew Bulletin 46(1): 129-131.

Méndez, M. 1997. Sources of variation in seed mass in Arum italicum. International Journal of Plant Sciences 158(3): 298-305.

Méndez, M. 1998. Modification of phenotypic and functional gender in the monoecious Arum italicum (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 85(2): 225-234.

Méndez, M. 1999. Effects of sexual reproduction on growth and vegetative propagation in the perennial geophyte Arum italicum (Araceae). Plant Biology 1: 115-120.

Méndez, M. 2001. Sexual mass allocation in species with inflorescences as pollination units: a comparison between Arum italicum and Arisaema (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 88(10): 1781-1785.

Méndez, M. and A. Diaz 2001. Flowering dynamics in Arum italicum (Araceae): relative role of inflorescence traits, flowering synchrony, and pollination context of fruit initiation. American Journal of Botany 88(10): 1774-1780.

Méndez, M. and J. R. Obeso 1992. Influencia del osmoforo en la produccion de infrutescencias en Arum Italicum Miller (Araceae). Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid 50(2): 229-237.

Méndez, M. and J. R. Obeso 1993. Size-dependent reproductive and vegetative allocation in Arum italicum (Araceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 71: 309-314.

Méndez, M. and J. R. Obeso 1994. Tamaño individual y produccion de semillas en Arum italicum (Araceae). Studia Oecologica X-XI: 193-196.

Müller, H. 1883. The Fertilisation of Flowers. London, Thompson.

N

Nagy, K. A., D. K. Odell and R. S. Seymour 1972. Temperature regulation by the inflorescence of Philodendron. Science 178(15 December): 1195-1197.

Nakata, P. A., T. A. Kostman and V. R. Franceschi 2003. Calreticulin is enriched in the crystal idioblasts of Pistia stratiotes. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 41: 425-430.

Naor, V., J. Kigel, M. Ziv and M. Flaishman 2005. A developmental pattern of flowering in colored Zantedeschia spp.: Effects of bud position and gibberellin. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 23: 269-279.

Nauheimer, L. and P. C. Boyce 2014. Englerarum (Araceae, Aroideae): a new genus supported by plastid and nuclear phylogenies. Plant Systematics & Evolution 300: 709-715.

Nawamaki, K. and M. Kuroyanagi 1996. Sesquiterpenoids from Acorus calamus as germination inhibitors. Phytochemistry 43(6): 1175-1182.

Newton, B. L. and M. J. Sharkey 2000. A new species of Bassus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) parasitic on Samea multiplicalis, a natural control agent of waterlettuce. Florida Entomologist 83(3): 284-289.

Nicolson, D. H. 1966. Filarum, a new genus of Peruvian Araceae. Brittonia 18: 347-349.

Nicolson, D. H. 1969. A revision of the genus Aglaonema (Araceae). Smithsonian contributions to Botany 1: 1-69.

Nicolson, D. H. and M. Sivadasan 1981. Four frequently confused species of Typhonium Schott (Araceae). Blumea 27: 483-497.

Nie, Z.-L., H. Sun, H. Li and J. Wen 2006. Intercontinental biogeography of subfamily Orontioideae (Symplocarpus, Lysichiton, and Orontium) of Araceae in eastern Asia and North America. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40: 155-165.

Nieder, J., S. Engwald, M. Klawun and W. Barthlott 2000. Spatial distribution of vascular epiphytes (including Hemiepiphytes) in a lowland Amazonian rain forest (Surumoni Crane plot) of Southern Venezuela. Biotropica 32(3): 385-396.

Nishizawa, T., T. Kawahara, E. Kinoshita, K. Ueda and Y. Watano 2003. Development of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Arisaema serratum (Thunb.) Schott, Araceae. Molecular Ecology Notes 3: 32-34.

Nishizawa, T., Y. Watano, E. Kinoshita, T. Kawahara and K. Ueda 2005. Pollen movement in a natural population of Arisaema serratum (Araceae), a plant with pitfall-trap flower pollination system. American Journal of Botany 92(7): 1114-1123.

O

Oberbauer, S. F. and M. Noudali 1998. Potential carbon gain of shingle leaves in juveniles of the vine Monstera tenuis (Araceae) in Costa Rica. American Journal of Botany 85(6): 850-854.

Obico, J. J. A., C. K. C. Bagay, A. S. Asencion and M. M. Medecilo 2007. Comparative study of the leaf morphology of Epipremnum Schott and Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae) in the Philippines. Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology 1(1): 15-25.

Ohi-Toma, T., S. Wu, S. R. Yadav, H. Murata and J. Murata 2010. Molecular phylogeny of Typhonium sensu lato and its allied genera in the tribe Areae of the subfamily Aroideae (Araceae) based on sequences of six chloroplast regions. Systematic Botany 35(2): 244-251.

Okada, H., H. Tsukaya and Y. Mori 1999. A new species of Schismatoglottis (Schismatoglottidinae, Araceae) from West Kalimantan and observations of its peculiar bulbil development. Systematic Botany 24(1): 62-68.

Okada, H. 2001. Karyological studies on some rheophytic aroids (Araceae) in the Malesian wet tropics. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 51(2): 177-186.

Okada, H. 2006. A new species of Aridarum, Schismatoglottideae, Araceae from the Muller Range, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Acta Phytotaxonomy and Geobotany 57(1): 61-64.

Okada, T. 1975. The oriental drosophilids breeding in flowers. Kontyû 43(3): 356-363.

Okada, T. 1980. Synhospitalic evolution of the genus Drosophilella Duda (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with description of a new species from Okinawa and Taiwan. Kontyû 48(2): 218-225.

Okada, T. 1986. Estimation of the routes of synhospitalic distribution of the genus Drosophilella Duda (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with descriptions of three new species from Malaysia and Indonesia. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 33: 32-39.

Okada, T. 1987. Further notes on the genus Drosophilella Duda with descriptions of two new species from Indonesia (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 36: 38-45.

Okada, T. 1988. Taxonomic note on Colocasiomyia cristata de Meijere (Diptera, Drosophilidae) with generic synonymy. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 37: 34-39.

Okada, T. 1990. Subdivision of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera, Drosophilidae) with descriptions of two new species from Sulawesi and note on color adaptation of synhospitalic species. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 42: 66-72.

Okada, T. and H. L. Carson 1980. Drosophilidae associated with flowers in Papua New Guinea. I. Alocasia (Araceae). Pacific Insects 22(3-4): 217-236.

Okada, T. and M. Yafuso 1989. The genus Colocasiomyia Duda (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from Sulawesi. Proceedings of the Japan Society of systematic Zoology 39: 48-55.

Okeke, S. E. 1992. The correct nomenclature of the Nigerian species of Xanthosoma Schott (Araceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 110: 267-275.

Olivier, L., J.-P. Galland and H. Maurin 1995. Livre rouge de la flore menacée de France - Tome I : Espèces prioritaires. Paris, Ministère de l'Environnement.

Ollerton, J. and A. Diaz 1999. Evidence for stabilising selection acting on flowering time in Arum maculatum (Araceae): the influence of phylogeny on adaptation. Oecologia 119(3): 340-348.

Onda, Y., Y. Kato, Y. Abe, T. Ito, M. Morohashi, Y. Ito, M. Ichikawa, M. Kazushige, Y. Kakizaki, H. Koiwa and K. Ito 2008. Functional coexpression of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase and uncoupling protein underlies thermoregulation in the thermogenic florets of skunk cabbage. Plant Physiology 146(February): 636-645.

Ooi, N., S.-i. Tsuji, T. Danhara, S. Noshiro, Y. Ueda and M. Minaki 1997. Vegetation change during the early last Glacial in Haboro and Tomamae, northwesten Hokkaido, Japan. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology 97: 79-95.

Orgaard, M. and N. Jacobsen 1998. SEM study of surface structures of the spathe in Cryptocoryne and Lagenandra (Araceae: Aroideae: Cryptocoryneae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 126(3): 261-289.

Oyaert, E., L. Heemers, S. Roels, P. Debergh and E. Volckaert 2003. Natural flower initiation in Spathiphyllum: Influence of day length and light intensity. Acta Horticulturae 624: 163-169.

Ozhatay, N. 2002. Diveristy of bulbous monocots in Turkey with special reference. Chromosome numbers. Pure and Applied Chemistry 74(4): 547-555.

P

Papp, L. and J. Rohacek 1987. The sphaeroceridae (Diptera) of Israel. Israel Journal of Entomology 21: 77-109.

Paradis, G. 1998. In D. Jeanmonod & H.M. Burdet (d.), Notes et contributions la flore de Corse, XIV - Note sur Ambrosina bassii L. Candollea 53: 171-210 (1 page).

Paradis, G. and A. Delage 2003. Deux nouvelles stations de l'Arum mange-mouches (Helicodiceros muscivorus) dans d'anciens cordons de galets dela côte occidentale Corse. Le monde des plantes 479: 23-27.

Parker, M. A. 1987. Pathogen impact on sexual vs. asexual reproductive success in Arisaema triphyllum. American Journal of Botany 74(11): 1758-1763.

Part. 1 Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. S. A. Mori, G. Cremers, C. Gracie et al. New York, The New York Botanical Garden. 76: 167-190.

Patiño, S., G. S. Gilbert, G. Zotz and M. T. Tyree 1999. Growth and survival of aerial roots of hemiepiphytes in a lower montane tropical moist forest in Panama. Journal of Tropical Ecology 15: 651-665.

Patt, J. M., J. C. French, C. Schal, J. Lech and T. G. Hartman 1995. The pollination biology of Tuckahoe, Peltandra virginica (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 82(10): 1230-1240.

Patt, J. M., T. G. Hartmann, R. W. Creekmore, J. J. Elliott, C. Schal, J. Lech and R. T. Rosen 1992. The floral odour of Peltandra virginica contains novel trimethyl-2,5-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]nonanes. Phytochemistry 31(2): 487-491.

Pearcy, R. W., L. J. Gross and D. He 1997. An improved dynamic model of photosynthesis for estimation of carbin gain in sunfleck light regimes. Plant Cell and Environment 20: 411-424.

Pellmyr, O. 1985. Cyclocephala: visitor and probable pollinator of Caladium bicolor (Araceae). Acta Amazonica 15(1-2): 269-272.

Pellmyr, O. and J. M. Patt 1986. Function of olfactory and visual stimuli in pollination of Lysichiton americanum (Araceae) by a staphylinid beetle. Madroño 33(1): 47-54.

Petch, T. 1928. Notes on Cryptocoryne. Annals of Royal Botanical Garden, Peradeniya XI(1): 11-26.

Petersen, G., O. Seberg, J. I. Davis and D. W. Stevenson 2006. RNA editing and phylogenetic reconstruction in two monocot mitochondrial genes. Taxon 55(4): 871-886.

Petersen, G. 1989. Cytology and systematics of Araceae. Nordic Journal of Botany 9(2): 119-166.

Phitos, D., A. Strid, S. Snogerup and W. Greuter 1995. The red data book of rare and threatened plants of Greece. Athens, Word Wild Fund for Nature.

Pineda, P. M. 2000. The role of odoriferous chemical compounds and thermogenesis in the pollination ecology of certain plant species. www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/courses/en570/papers_2000/pineda.html: 1-12.

Pitkin, B. R. 1988. Lesser dung flies - Diptera: Sphaeroceridae. London, Royal Entomological Society of London.

Plowden, C., C. Uhl and F. de Assis Oliveira 2003. The ecology and harvest potential of titica vine roots (Heteropsis flexuosa: Araceae) in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. Forest Ecology and Management 182: 59-73.

Poisson, G. and D. Barabé 1998. Architecture de l'appareil végétatif et organisation florale du Dracontium polyphyllum L. (Araceae). Adansonia, sér. 3 20(1): 195-210.

Policansky, D. 1981. Sex choice and the size advantage model in jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 78(2): 1306-1308.

Policansky, D. 1987. Sex choice and reproductive costs in Jack-in-the-pulpit. BioScience 37(7): 476-481.

Ponchel, Y. 2009. Deux nouvelles espèces de Cyclocephalini de Guyane française (Coleoptera Dynastidae). L'Entomologiste 65(4): 183-185.

Ponchet, M., J. Martin-Tanguy, A. Marais and C. Martin 1982. Hydroxycinnamoyl acid amides and aromatic amines in the inflorescences of some araceae species. Phytochemistry 21(12): 2865-2869.

Poppinga, S., K. Koch, H. F. Bohn and W. Barthlott 2010. Comparative and functional morphology of hierarchically structured anti-adhesive surfaces in carnivorous plants and kettle trap flowers. Functional Plant Biology 37: 952-961.

Porembski, S., J. Szarzynski, J.-P. Mund and W. Barthlott 1996. Biodiversity and vegetation of small-sized inselbergs in a West African rain forest (Taï, Ivory Coast). Journal of Biogeography 23: 47-55.

Poulsen, A. D. 1996. Species richness and density of ground herbs within a plot of lowland rainforest in north-west Borneo. Journal of Tropical Ecology 12: 177-190.

Prime, C. T. 1954. Arum neglectum (Towns.) Ridley. Journal of Ecology 42: 241-248.

Prime, C. T. 1955. Vegetative reproduction in Arum maculatum. Watsonia 3: 175-178.

Prime, C. T. 1960. Lords and Ladies. London, Collins.

Pritchard, H. W., J. A. Wood and K. R. Manger 1993. Influence of temperature on seed germination and the nutritional requirements for embryo growth in Arum maculatum L. Phytochemistry 123: 801-809.

Punekar, S. A. and K. P. N. Kumaran 2010. Pollen morphology and pollination ecology of Amorphophallus species from North Western Ghats and Konkan region of India. Flora 205: 326-336.

Pérez-Farrera, M. A. 2003? Abundance and diversity of Araceae in the Lacandon forest, Chiapas, Mexico. ??? ???: ???

Pérez-Farrera, M. A. 2005. Araceae of Chiapas State, Mexico. Aroideana 28:154-165.

Pérez-Farrera, M. A. and T. B. Croat 2001. A new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Chiapas, Mexico. Novon 11: 88-91.

Q

Quero Garcia, J., A. Ivancic and V. Lebot 2008. Morphological variation and reproductive characteristics of wild giant taro (Alocasia macrorrhizos, Araceae) populations in Vanuatu. New Zealand Journal of Botany 46: 189-203.

Quilichini, A., A. Torre and M. Gibernau 2005. Preliminary data on the biology and reproduction of Ambrosina bassii L. (Araceae) in Corsica. Aroideana 28: 37-41.

Quilichini, A., D. Macquart, D. Barabé, J. Albre and M. Gibernau 2010. Reproduction of the West Mediterranean endemic Arum pictum (Araceae) on Corsica. Plant Systematics & Evolution 287(3-4): 179-187.

Quilichini, A. and M. Gibernau 2013. Leurre et chaleur : la pollinisation par duperie chez les Aracées. Stantari 31: 34-43.

R

Raguso, R. A. 2004. Flowers as sensory billboards: progress towards an integrated understanding of floral advertisement. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 7: 434-440.

Rahman, M. M. and G. H. Schmidt 1999. Effect of Acorus calamus (L.) (Araceae) essential oil vapours from various origins on Callosobruchus phaseoli (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Stored Products Reseach 35: 285-295.

Raina, V. K., K. Srivastava and K. V. Syamasunder 2003. Essential oil composition of Acorus calamus L. from the lower region of the Himalayas. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 18: 18-20.

Rains, K. C., N. M. Nadkarni and C. S. Bledsoe 2003. Epiphytic and terrestrial mycorrhizas in a lower montane Costa Rican cloud forest. Mycorrhiza 13: 257-264.

Rajyalaxmi, B., K. Kiran Mai and M. Radhakrishnajah 1992. Phytochemical profile of Philodendron (Araceae). Feddes Repertorium 103(7-8): 551-553.

Ramirez, W. B. 1980. Informe cientifico. Brenesia 18: 367-368.

Ramirez, W. B. and P. L. D. Gomez 1978. Production of nectar and gums by flowers of Monstera deliciosa (Araceae) and of some species of Clusia (Guttiferae) collected by New World Trigona bees. Brenesia 14-15: 407-412.

Raskin, I., A. Ehmann, W. R. Melander and B. J. D. Meeuse 1987. Salicylic acid: a natural inducer of heat production in Arum lilies. Science 237(25 September): 1601-1602.

Raskin, I., H. Skubatz, W. Tang and B. J. D. Meeuse 1990. Salicylic acid levels in thermogenic and non-thermogenic plants. Annals of Botany 66: 369-373.

Raskin, I., I. M. Turner and W. R. Melander 1989. Regulation of heat production in the inflorescence of an Arum lily by endogenous salicylic acid. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 86(April): 2214-2218.

Raskin, I. 1992. Salicylate, a new plant hormone. Plant Physiology 99: 799-803.

Ray, T. S. 1986. Growth correlations within the segment in the Araceae. American Journal of Botany 73(7): 993-1001.

Ray, T. S. 1987. Cyclic heterophylly in Syngonium (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 74(1): 16-26.

Ray, T. S. 1987. Diversity of shoot organization in the Araceae. American Journal of Botany 74(9): 1373-1387.

Ray, T. S. 1987. Leaf types in the Araceae. American Journal of Botany 74(9): 1359-1372.

Ray, T. S. 1988. Survey of shoot organization in the Araceae. American Journal of Botany 75(1): 56-84.

Ray, T. S. 1990. Metamorphosis in the Araceae. American Journal of Botany 77(12): 1599-1609.

Ray, T. S. 1992. Foraging behaviour in tropical herbaceous climbers (Araceae). Journal of Ecology 80: 189-203.

Ray, T. S. 1992. Landmark eigenshape analysis: homologous contours: leaf shape in Syngonium (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 79(1): 69-76.

Redborg, K. E., T. D. Hinesly and E. L. Ziegler 1983. Rearing Psychoda alternata (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the laboratory on digested sewage sludge, with some observations on its biology. Environmental Entomology 12(2): 412-415.

Reffstrup, T. and P. M. Boll 1985. Allergenic 5-alkyl- and 5-alkenylresorcinols from Philodendron species. Phytochemistry 24(11): 2563-2565.

Remmert, H. 1970 (1969). Tages - zeitliche verzahnung der Aktivität verschedener organismen. Oecologie 3: 214-226.

Renner, S. S., Z. Li-Bing and J. Murata 2004. A chloroplast phylogeny of Arisaema (Araceae) illustrates Tertiary floristic links between Asia, North America, and East Africa. American Journal of Botany 91(6): 881-888.

Renner, S. S. and L.-B. Zhang 2004. Biogeography of the Pistia Clade (Araceae): based on chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA sequences and bayesian divergence time inference. Systematic Biology 53(3): 422-432.

Revel, N., N. Alvarez, M. Gibernau and A. Espindola 2012. Investigating the relationship between pollination strategies and the size-advantage model in zoophilous plants using the reproductive biology of Arum cylindraceum and other European Arum species as case studies. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 6: 35-44.

Richardson, C. R. and K. Clay 2001. Sex-ratio variation among Arisaema species with different patterns of gender diphasy. Plant Species Biology 16: 139-149.

Riedl, H. 1980. Tentative keys for the identification of species in Biarum and Eminium, with notes on some taxa included in Biarum. Aroideana 3: 24-31.

Riedl, H. 1980. The importance of ecology for generic and specific differentiation in the Araceae - Aroideae. Aroideana 3: 49-54.

Riedl, H. 1981. A new species of Arum from Iraq. Kew Bulletin 36(3): 643-644.

Rimbach, A. 1897. Ueber die Lebenweise des Arum maculatum. Ber. d. Bot. ges. 15: 178-182.

Rohacek, J., I. Beck-Haug and K. Dobat 1990. Sphaerocidae associated with flowering Arum maculatum (Araceae) in the vicinity of Tübingen, SW-Germany. Senckenbergiana biologie 71(4/6): 259-268.

Roos, M. C., P. J. A. Kebler, S. R. Gradstein and P. Bass 2004. Species diversity and endemism of five major Malesian islands: diversity-area relationships. Journal of Biogeography 31: 1893-1908.

Rothwell, G. W., M. R. Van Atta, H. E. Ballard Jr and R. A. Stockey 2004. Molecular phylogenetic relationships among Lemnaceae and Araceae using the chloroplast trnL-trnF intergenic spacer. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 378-385.

Rudall, P. 2002. Homologies of inferior ovaries and septal nectaries in monocotyledons. International Journal of Plant Sciences 163(2): 261-276.

Rudall, P. J., C. J. Prychid and C. Jones (1998). Intra-ovarian trichomes, mucilage secretion and hollow styles in monocotyledons. Reproductive biology. S. J. Owens and P. J. Rudall. Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens: 219-230.

Rudall, P. J. 1997. The nucellus and chalaza in monocotyledons: structure and sytematics. The Botanical Review 63(2): 140-181.

Rudall, P. J. and C. A. Furness 1997. Systematics of Acorus: ovule and anther. International Journal of Plant Sciences 158(5): 640-651.

Rudall, P. J. and M. Buzgo (2002). Evolutionary history of the monocot leaf. Developmental Genetics and Plant Evolution. Q. C. B. Cronk, R. M. Bateman and J. A. Hawkins. London, Taylor & Francis: 431-458.

Rust, R. W. 1980. Pollen movement and reproduction in Arisaema triphyllum. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 107(4): 539-542.

S

Sabo, M., T. Marcek, T. Bacic, L. Krstin and A. Lendel 2007. Stomata in some species of genus Arum from the Eastern Slavonia and Baranya region. Biologia 62(4): 409-415.

Saglik, S., K. Alpimar and S. Imre 2002. Fatty acid composition of Dracunculus vulgaris Schott (Araceae) seed oil from Turkey. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 5(3): 231-233.

Sakuragi, C. M., S. J. Mayo and D. C. Zappi 2005. Taxonomic revision of Brazilian species of Philodendron section Macrobelium. Kew Bulletin 60: 465-513.

Sakuragi, C. M. and S. J. Mayo 1997. Three new species of Philodendron (Araceae) from South-eastern Brazil. Kew Bulletin 52(3): 673-681.

Sakuragi, C. M. and S. J. Mayo 2005. Nomenclature and taxonomy of Philodendron hastatum K. Koch & Sello. Rodriguésia 56(88): 31-34.

Sanderson, M. J. 1997. A Nonparametric approach to estimating divergence times in the absencce of rate constancy. Molecular Biology and Evolution 14(12): 1218-1231.

Sannier, J., W. J. Baker, M.-C. Anstett and S. Nadot 2009. A comparative analysis of pollinator type and pollen ornamentation in the Araceae and the Arecaceae, two unrelated families of the monocots. BMC Research Notes 2: 145.

Santos, B. A., G. A. Silva, L. C. Maia and M. V. Alves 2000. Mycorrhizae in Monocotyledoneae of northeast Brazil: subclasses Alismatidae, Arecidae and Zingiberidiae. Mycorrhiza 10: 151-153.

Santosa, E., C. L. Lian, Y. Pisooksantivatana and N. Sugiyama 2007. Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson, Araceae. Molecular Ecology 7: 814-817.

Satchell, G. H. 1947. The ecology of the british species of Psychoda (Diptera: Psychodidae). Annals of Applied Biology 34: 611-621.

Schaffner, J. H. 1922. Control of the sexual state in Arisaema triphyllum and Arisaema dracontium. American Journal of Botany 74(9): 72-78.

Schmid, P. C., R. T. Holman and V. G. Soukup 1997. 13-Phenyltridecanoic acid in seed lipids of some aroids. Phytochemistry 45(6): 1173-1175.

Schmucker, T. 1925. Beiträge zur Biologie und Physiologie von Arum maculatum. Flora 118/119: 460-475.

Schmucker, T. 1930. Dracunculus creticus, die gröbtblütige europäische Pflanze und ihre Bestäubung. Planta 9: 739-747.

Schneider, E. L. and S. Carlquist 1998. Origin and nature of vessels in monocotyledons. 4. Araceae subfamily Philodendroideae. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 125(4): 253-260.

Schnetzler, B. 1879. Quelques observations sur le rôle des insectes pendant la floraison de l'Arum crinitum. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Scéances de l'Académie des Sciences 89: 508-510.

Schnitzler, A. and R. Carbiener 1991. Eco-physiological responses of the forest vernal synusia to climate changes over a decade (1979-1989). Acta Oecologica 12(3): 411-425.

Schwerdtfeger, M., G. Gerlach and R. Kaiser 2002. Anthecology in the Neotropical genus Anthurium (Araceae): a preliminary report. Selbyana 23(2): 258-267.

Scott, R. and E. Sargant 1898. On the development of Arum maculatum from the seed. Annals of Botany 12(47): 399-414.

Scribailo, R. W. and P. B. Tomlinson 1992. Shoot and floral development in Calla palustris (Araceae - Calloideae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 153(1): 1-13.

Sedayu, A., M. C. M. Eurlings, B. Gravendeel and W. L. A. Hetterscheid 2010. Morphological character evolution of Amorphophallus (Araceae) based on a combined phylogenetic analysis of trnL, rbcL and LEAFY second intron sequences. Botanical Studies 51: 473-490.

Senebier, J. 1800. Physiologie végétale. Genève, J. J. Paschoud Libraire.

Service, M. W. 1969. Studies on the biting habits of Culicoides impunctatus Goetghebuer, C. obsoletus (Meigen) and C. punctatus (Meigen) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Southern England. Proceedings of the Royal entomological Society of London (A) 44(1-3): 1-10.

Seubert, E. 1993. Die Samen der Araceen. Keonigstein, Koeltz Scientific Books.

Seymour, R. S., C. R. White and M. Gibernau 2003. Heat reward for insect pollinators. Nature 426(20 Nov.): 243-244.

Seymour, R. S., C. R. White and M. Gibernau 2009. Endothermy of dynastine scarab beetles (Cyclocephala colasi) associated with pollination biology of a thermogenic arum lily (Philodendron solimoesense). Journal of Experimental Biology 212: 2960-2968.

Seymour, R. S., G. A. Bartholomew and M. C. Barnhart 1983. Respiration and heat production by the inflorescence of Philodendron selloum Koch. Planta 157: 336-343.

Seymour, R. S., G. Lindshau and K. Ito 2010. Thermal clamping of temperature-regulating flowers reveals the precision and limits of the biochemical regulatory mechanism. Planta 231: 1291-1300.

Seymour, R. S., M. C. Barnhart and G. A. Bartholomew 1984. Respiratory gas exchange during thermogenesis in Philodendron selloum Koch. Planta 161: 229-232.

Seymour, R. S., M. Gibernau and K. Ito 2003. Thermogenesis and respiration of inflorescences of the dead horse lily Helicodiceros muscivorus, a pseudo-thermoregulatory aroid associated with fly pollination. Functional Ecology 17(6): 886-894.

Seymour, R. S., M. Gibernau and S. A. Pirintsos 2009. Thermogenesis of three species of Arum from Crete. Plant, Cell and Environment 32(10): 1467-1476.

Seymour, R. S. 1999. Pattern of respiration by intact inflorescences of the thermogenic arum lily Philodendron selloum. Journal of Experimental Botany 50(335): 845-852.

Seymour, R. S. 2001. Diffusion pathway for oxygen into highly thermogenic florets of the arum lily Philodendron selloum. Journal of Experimental Botany 52(360): 1465-1472.

Seymour, R. S. 2004. Dynamics and precision of thermoregulatory responses of eastern skunk cabbage Symplocarpus foetidus. Plant, Cell and Environment 27(8): 1014-1022.

Seymour, R. S. 2010. Scaling of heat production by thermogenic flowers: limits to floral size and maximum rate of respiration. Plant, Cell and Environment 33: 1474-1485.

Seymour, R. S. and A. J. Blaylock 1999. Switching off the heater: influence of ambient temperature on thermoregulation by eastern skunk cabbage Symplocarpus foetidus. Journal of Experimental Botany 50(338): 1525-1532.

Seymour, R. S. and M. Gibernau 2008. Respiration of thermogenic inflorescences of Philodendron melinonii: natural pattern and responses to experimental temperatures. Journal of Experimental Botany 59: 1353-1362.

Seymour, R. S. and P. Schultze-Motel 1997. Heat-producing flowers. Endeavour 21(3): 125-129.

Seymour, R. S. and P. Schultze-Motel 1999. Respiration, temperature regulation and energetics of thermogenic inflorescences of the dragon lily Dracunculus vulgaris (Araceae). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 266: 1975-1983.

Shangary, S., J. Singh, S. S. Kambodj, K. K. Kambodj and R. S. Sandhu 1995. Purification and properties of four monocot lectins from the family Araceae. Phytochemistry 40(2): 449-455.

Shaw, D. E., B. K. Cantrell and K. J. Houston 1982. Neurochaeta inversa McAlpine (Diptera: Neurochaetidae) and seed set in Alocasia macrorrhiza (L.) G. Don (Araceae) in southeast Queensland. Proceedings of the Linnean Society N.S.W. 106(1): 67-82.

Shaw, D. E., J. G. McKenzie and K. J. Messer 2004. Behaviour of Gymnostachys anceps R. Br. (Araceae) after fire. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 111: 87-94.

Shaw, D. E., L. H. Bird and L. I. Forsberg 1997. Gymnostachys anceps R. Br.: Australian range and habitat in Southeastern Queensland. Aroideana 20: 64-70.

Shaw, D. E. 1990. Germination of Typhonodorum lindleyanum at Brisbane, Australia. Aroideana 13(1-4): 14-20.

Shaw, D. E. 1997. Gymnostachys anceps R. Br.: fruit, germination, and a discussion of the possible means of dispersal. Aroideana 20: 71-78.

Shaw, D. E. 2002. The seedling root and rhizome system of Gymnostachys anceps (Araceae) with special reference to contractile roots. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 110: 47-59.

Shaw, D. E. 2004. The phenology and related aspects of Alocasia brisbanensis (Araceae) at indooroopilly, Queensland. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 111: 73-85.

Shaw, D. E. and B. K. Cantrell 1983. A study of the pollination of Alocasia macrorrhiza (L.) G. Don (Araceae) in southeast Queensland. Proceedings of the Linnean Society N.S.W. 106(4): 323-335.

Shaw, D. E. and B. K. Cantrell 1983. Further notes on seed set in Alocasia macrorrhiza (Araceae) and occurence of Neurochaeta inversa (Diptera: Neurochaetidae). The Queensland Naturalist 24: 71-75.

Sheffer, R. D. and H. Kamemoto 1976. Chromosome numbers in the genus Anthurium. American Journal of Botany 63(1): 74-81.

Sheffer, R. D. and T. B. Croat 1983. Chromosome number in the genus Anthurium (Araceae) II. American Journal of Botany 70(6): 858-871.

Sheridan, R. P. 1994. Adaptive morphology of the tropical wet montane epiphyte Anthurium hookeri. Selbyana 15(2): 18-23.

Shull, J. M. 1925. Spathyema foetida. Botanical Gazette 79(March): 45-58.

Silbert, L. 2003. The aroid-scarab mutualism: importance of floral temperature for scarab attraction and copulation. PennScience 1(2): 28-30.

Sims, D. A. and R. W. Pearcy 1992. Response of leaf anatomy and photosynthetic capacity in Alocasia macrorrhiza (Araceae) to a transfer from low to high light. American Journal of Botany 79(4): 449-455.

Singh, Y., A. E. v. Wyk and H. Baijnath 1996. Floral biology of Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng. (Araceae). South African Journal of Botany 62(3): 146-150.

Sivadasan, M., N. Mohanan and C. S. Kumar 1989. Pothos crassipedunculatus, a new species of Pothos sect. Allopothos (Araceae) from India. Plant Systematics and Evolution 168: 221-225.

Sivadasan, M., V. Abdul Jaleel and B. Thomas 2001. Lagenandra keralensis (Araceae), a remarkable new species from India. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica 42: 153-157.

Sivadasan, M. and D. H. Nicolson 1982. A revision of Theriophonum (Araceae). Kew Bulletin 37(2): 277-290.

Sivadasan, M. and R. Kavalan 2005. Flowering phenology and beetle pollination in Theriophonum infaustum N. E. Br. (Araceae). Aroideana 28: 104-112.

Sivadasan, M. and T. Sabu 1989. Beetle-pollination, cantharophily, in Amorphophallus hohenackeri (Araceae). Aroideana 12(1-4): 32-37.

Skillman, J. B., M. Garcia, A. Virgo and K. Winter 2005. Growth irradiance effects on photosynthesis and growth in two co-occurring shade-tolerant Neotropical perennials of contrasting photosynthetic pathways. American Journal of Botany 92(11): 1811-1819.

Skubatz, H., C. D. Hardin, R. W. Wiseman, B. J. D. Meeuse and M. J. Kushmerick 1992. The energetic state of the thermogenic appendix of the voodoo lily inflorescence. A 3131P-NMR study. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1100: 98-103.

Skubatz, H., D. D. Kunkel, J. M. Patt, W. N. Howald, T. G. Hartman and B. J. D. Meeuse 1995. Pathway of terpene excretion by the appendix of Sauromatum guttatum. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 92: 10084-10088.

Skubatz, H., D. D. Kunkel, W. N. Howald, R. Trenkle and B. Mookherjee 1996. The Sauromatum guttatum appendix as an osmophore: excretory pathways, composition of volatiles and attractiveness to insects. New Phytologist 134: 631-640.

Skubatz, H., D. D. Kunkel and B. J. D. Meeuse 1993. Ultrastructural changes in the appendix of the Sauromatum guttatum inflorescence during anthesis. Sexual Plant Reproduction 6: 153-170.

Skubatz, H., M. V. Orellana and Z. Yablonkla-Reuveni 2000. Cytochemical evidence for the presence of actin in the nucleus of the voodoo lily appendix. The Histochemical Journal 32: 467-474.

Skubatz, H., T. A. Nelson, A. M. Dong, B. J. D. Meeuse and A. J. Bendich 1990. Infrared thermography of Arum lily inflorescences. Planta 182: 432-436.

Skubatz, H., T. A. Nelson, B. J. D. Meeuse and A. J. Bendich 1991. Heat production in the voodoo lily (Sauromatum guttatum) as monitored by infrared thermography. Plant Physiology 95: 1084-1088.

Skubatz, H. and B. J. D. Meeuse 1993. Energy loss in tissue slices of the inflorescence of Sauromatum guttatum (Schott) analysed by microcalorimetry. Journal of Experimental Botany 44(259): 493-499.

Skubatz, H. and D. D. Kunkel 1999. Further studies of the glandular tissue of the Sauromatum guttatum (Araceae) appendix. American Journal of Botany 86(6): 841-854.

Skubatz, H. and D. D. Kunkel 2000. Developmental changes in the ultrastructure of the Sauromatum guttatum (Araceae) mitochondria. Journal of Electron Microscopy 49(6): 775-782.

Skubatz, H. and S. T. Haider 2001. Immunocytochemical studies of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase in the thermogenic appendix of five members of the Araceae family. Flora 196: 446-457.

Smith, B. N. and B. J. D. Meeuse 1966. Production of volatile amines and skatole at anthesis in some Arum lily species. Plant Physiology 41: 343-347.

Smith, F. A. and S. E. Smith 1997. Structural diversity in (vesicular)-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses. New Phytologist 137: 373-388.

Smith, S. Y. and R. A. Stockey 2003. Aroid seeds from the middle Eocene Princeton Chert (Keratosperma allenbyense, Araceae): comparisons with extant Lasioideae. International Journal of Plant Sciences 164(2): 239-250.

Snogerup, S. and B. Snogerup 1993. Additions to the flora of Samos, Greece. Flora Mediterranea 3: 211-222.

Solbé, J. F. d. L. G. and J. S. Tozer 1971. Aspects of the biology of Psychoda alternata (Say.) and P. sevirini parthenogenetica Tonn. (Diptera) in a percolating filter. Journal of Applied Ecology 8: 835-843.

Soltau, U., S. Dötterl and S. Liede-Schumann 2009. Leaf variegation in Caladium steudneriifolium (Araceae): a case of mimicry ? Evolutionary Ecology 23(4): 503-512.

Sowter, F. A. 1949. Arum maculatum L. Journal of Ecology 37: 207-219.

Species of Anthurium presumably are pollinated by insects. In the montane rainforests of western Colombia we recorded eight species of hummingbirds paying regular visits to the nectar-producing inflorescences of Anthurium sanguineum. At peak-flowering A. sanguineum plays an important role in the birds' nutrition. Pollen is deposited on the tip of the birds' bills, indicating that pollination by hummingbirds occurs frequently. As no other flower visitors were recorded, we consider hummingbirds the main pollinators to A. sanguineum.

Sriboonma, D., J. Murata and K. Iwatsuki 1994. A revision of Typhonium (Araceae). Journal of the Faculty of Sciences of Tokyo III 15: 260-313.

Stebbins, G. L. and G. S. Khush 1961. Variation in the organization of the stomatal complex in the leaf epidermis of monocotyledons and its bearing on their phylogeny. American Journal of Botany 48(1): 51-59.

Steege ter, H. and J. H. C. Cornelissen 1989. Distribution and ecology of vascular epiphytes in lowland rain forest of Guyana. Biotropica 21(4): 331-339.

Stensmyr, M. C., I. Urru, I. Collu, M. Celander, B. S. Hansson and A.-M. Angioy 2002. Rotting smell of dead-horse arum florets. Nature 420(12 December): 625-626.

Stockey, R. A., G. L. Hoffman and G. W. Rothwell 1997. The fossil monocot Limnobiophyllum scutatum: resolving the phylogeny of Lemnaceae. American Journal of Botany 84(3): 355-368.

Stockey, R. A., G. W. Rothwell and K. R. Johnson 2007. Cobbania corrugata gen. et comb. nov. (Araceae): a floating aquatic monocot from the upper cretaceous of western north America. American Journal of Botany 94(4): 609-624.

Stransky, K. and I. Valterova 1999. Release of volatiles during the flowering period of Hydrosme rivieri (Araceae). Phytochemistry 52: 1387-1390.

Stökl, J., A. Strutz, A. Dafni, A. Svatos, J. Doubsky, M. Knaden, S. Sachse, B. S. Hansson and M. C. Stensmyr 2010. A deceptive pollination system targeting drosophilids through olfactory mimicry of yeast. Current Biology 20: 1-7.

Sulaiman, B. and P. C. Boyce 2010. Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Peninsular Malaysia I: Homalomena asmae, a new species from Perak. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 60(3): 163-166.

Sultana, F., M. J. Toda, M. Yafuso, M. B. Lakim, M. B. Mohamed and N. M. Cuong 2002. A new species-group of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of two new species from Eastern Malaysia and Vietnam. Entomological Science 5(3): 305-315.

Sultana, F., Y.-G. Hu, M. J. Toda, K. Takenaka and M. Yafuso 2006. Phylogeny and classification of Colocasiomyia (Diptera, Drosophilidae), and its evolution of pollination mutualism with aroid plants. Systematic Entomology 31(4): 684-702.

Sultana, F. 2001. Phylogeny of the genus Colocasiomyia and its relationships in the subfamily Drosophilinae (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Environmental Earth Science. Sapporo, Hokkaido, Hokkaido: 50.

Sung, T. V., L. Kutschabsky, A. Porzel, W. Steglich and G. Adam 1992. Sesquiterpenes from the roots of Homalomena aromatica. Phytochemistry 31(5): 1659-1661.

Sutherland, S. 1986. Floral sex ratios, fruit-set, and resource allocation in plants. Ecology 67(4): 991-1001.

T

Takahashi, K., T. Ito, Y. Onda, T. Endo, S. Chiba, K. Ito and H. Osada 2007. Modeling of the thermoregulation system in the skunk cabbage: Symplocarpus foetidus. Physical Review E 76(031918): 5.

Takasu, H. 1987. Life history studies on Arisaema (Araceae). I. Growth and reproductive biology of Arisaema urashima Hara. Plant Species Biology 2: 29-56.

Takenaka, K., J.-T. Yin, S.-Y. Wen and M. J. Toda 2006. Reproductive ecology of a new species of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and its host plant Steudnera colocasiaefolia (Araceae) in Yunnan, China. Entomological Science 9(1): 79-91.

Talavera, S. 1976. Revision de les especies españolas del genero Biarum Schott. Lagascalia 6(2): 275-296.

Tam, S.-M., P. C. Boyce, T. M. Upson, D. Barabé, A. Bruneau, F. Forest and J. S. Parker 2004. Intergeneric and intrafamilial phylogeny of subfamily Monsteroideae (Araceae) revealed by chloroplast TRNL-F sequences. American Journal of Botany 91(3): 490-498.

Tanaka, H. 1998. Biological study on the pollination of Lysichiton camtschatcense (Araceae). Journal of Japanese Botany 73(1): 35-41.

Tanaka, H. 2004. Reproductive biology of Lysichiton camtschatcense (Araceae) in japan. Aroideana 27: 167-171.

Tang, A.-J. and C.-L. Long manuscript. Seed germination response to temperature, light, dessication, and ex situ storage in Lasia spinosa (Araceae). Aquatic Botany???(???): submitted.

Tarlyn, N. M., T. A. Kostman, P. A. Nakata, S. E. Keates and V. R. Franceschi 1998. Axenic culture of Pistia stratiotes for use in plant biochemical studies. Aquatic Botany 60: 161-168.

Tavares, R. M., F. Morais, N. Melo and M. S. S. Pais 1998. Thylakoid membrane reorganization during Zantesdechia aethiopica spathe regreening: consequence of the absence of D3-Trans-hexadecenoic acid in photochemical activity. Phytochemistry 47(6): 979-984.

Teil I. Die Blütenbesuchenden Trauermücken an Aronstabgewächsen der Gattung Arisaema (Araceae Juss.). Studia dipterologica 2(1): 97-129.

Temponi, L. G., F. C. Pinto Garcia, C. M. Sakuragi and R. M. d. Carvalho-Okano 2005. Diversidade morfologica e formas de vida das Araceae no parque estadual do Rio Doce, Minas Gerais. Rodriguésia 56(88): 1-13.

Tetali, P., S. A. Punekar and P. Lakshminarasimhan 2004. A new variety of Arisaema from Western Ghats of India. Kew Bulletin 59: 483-487.

Thompson, S. E. and J. E. Rawlins 1986. Floral ecology of Anchomanes difformis (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 73: 791.

Thorington, K. K. 2000. Pollination and fruiting success in the eastern skunk cabbage Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt. The Journal of Biospheric Science 2(1): 16.

Tobe, H. and T. Kadokawa 2010. Endosperm development in the Araceae (Alismatales) and evolution of developmental modes in monocots. Journal of Plant Research 123: 731-739.

Toda, M. J. and M. B. Lakim 2006. The genus Colocasiomyia (Drosophilidae: Diptera) in Sabah, Bornean Malaysia: High species-diversity and utilization of host aroid inflorescences. Entomological Science: In press.

Toda, M. J. and T. Okada 1983. Ecological studies of floricolous Drosophilella in Burma with descriptions of three new species from Burma and the Philippines (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Kontyû 51(2): 169-184.

Tonnoir, A. 1922. Synopsis des espèces européennes du genre Psychoda (Diptères). Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 62: 49-88.

Tonnoir, A. L. 1940. A synopsis of the British psychodidae (Dipt.) with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the Society for British Entomology 7(2): 21-64.

Touchette, B. W., L. R. Iannacone, G. E. Turner and A. R. Frank 2007. Drought tolerance versus drought avoidance: a comparison of plant-water relations in herbaceous wetland plants subjected to water withdrawal and repletion. Wetlands 27(3): 656-667.

Touroult, J., P.-H. Dalens and Y. Ponchel 2010. Echantillonnage des Dynastidae par piégeage lumineux: comparaison entre le début et la fin de nuit en Guyane. Le Coloptriste. Supplment - Contribution ltude des Coloptres de Guyane - Tome I: 11-14.

Trelease, W. 1879. On the fertilization of Symplocarpus foetidus. The American Naturalist 13(September): 580-581.

Troiano, G. 1978. Triploidy in the natural population of the psychodine moth fly Psychoda parthenogenetica Tonnoir (Diptera: Psychodidae). Caryologia 31(2): 225-232.

Tsacas, L. and M.-T. Chassagnard 1992. Les relations Araceae-Drosophilidae. Drosophila Aracea une espèce anthophile associée à l'aracée Xanthosoma robustum au Mexique (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Annales de la Société entomologique Française 28(4): 421-439.

Tung, L. S., S. Y. Wong and P. C. Boyce 2010. Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo VI: Homalomena giamensis, a new species from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, with observations on its pollination. Aroideana 33: 201-211.

Turland, N. 198? Arum idaeum. 51-52.

Turland, N. 1987-88. Mountains and Gorges in Western Crete (Arum creticum). 46-57.

Turland, N. 1989. A purple Arum from the Kingdom of Minos. Bulletin of the Alpine Garden Society 57: 112-117.

Turner, C. L. 1924. Breeding habits and mutations in the moth-like fly (Psychoda). Science LX(1554 - October 10): 338-339.

Turner, I. M., H. T. W. Tan and K. S. Chua 1996. Relationships between herb layer and canopy composition in a tropical rain forest successional mosaic in Singapore. Journal of Tropical Ecology 12: 843-851.

U

Uemura, S., K. Ohkawara, G. Kudo, N. Wada and S. Higashi 1993. Heat-production and cross-pollination of the Asian skunk cabbage Symplocarpus renifolius (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 80(6): 635-640.

Uemura, S. and Y. Sugiura 2007. Density-dependent hoarding by rodents contributes to large variation in seed mass of the woodland herb Symplocarpus renifolius. Canadian Journal of Botany 37: 1675-1680.

Uhlarz, v. H. 1985. Ist Pinellia tripartita (Blume) Schott (Araceae, Aroideae) habituell anemophil geitonogam? Beitr. Biologie Pflanzen 60: 277-291.

Ulrich, S., M. Hesse, D. Bröderbauer, J. Bogner, M. Weber and H. Halbritter 2013. Calla palustris (Araceae): New palynological insights with special regard to its controversial systematic position and to closely related genera. Taxon 62(4): 701-712.

Urru, I., J. Stökl, J. Linz, T. Krügel, M. C. Stensmyr and B. S. Hansson 2010. Pollination strategy in Cretan Arum lilies. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 101: 991-1001.

V

Vaillant, F. (1978). Psychodidae. Limnofauna Europaea. J. Illies. Stuttgart, Gustav Fischer Verlag.

Vaillant, F. 1961. Révision des Psychodidae Psychodinae de France. Annales de la Société entomologique de France 130: 131-157.

Vaillant, F. 1964. Nouvelle contribution à l'étude des Psychodidae (Diptera) de la France. Travaux du Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie et de Pisciculture de l'Université de Grenoble: 61-63.

Vaillant, F. 1966. Diptères Psychodidae de Moravie. Acta Musei Moraviae LI.

Vaillant, F. 1967. Diptères Psychodidae recueillis par M. A. Thomas dans Les Pyrénées. Annales de Limnologie 3(2): 295-298.

Vaillant, F. 1973. Quelques insectes diptères à larve aquatique, du Parc de la Vanoise. Travaux Scientifiques du Parc National de la Vanoise 11: 133-165.

Vaillant, F. 1973. Some new Psychodidae Psychodinae from the United States (Diptera). Annales de la Société entomologique de France 9(1): 345-379.

Vaillant, F. 1982. Les larves de Psychoda cinerea (Banks) et la classification des Psychodidae Psychodinae (Diptera). Travaux du Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie et de Pisciculture de l'Université de Grenoble: 219-229.

Vaillant, F. 1982. Quelques considérations sur la classification des Psychodidae Psychodinae. Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 87: 292-301.

Vaillant, F. 1988. Les diptères Psychodidae coprophiles et coprobiontes d'Europe. Bulletin romand d'Entomologie 6: 1-46.

Vaillant, F. 1988. Les diptères Psychodidae des champignons et des cadavres, et description de deux espèces nouvelles de Psychoda Latreille. Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 92(7-8): 251-262.

Vaillant, F. 1989. Contribution à l'étude des Psychodidae mycobiontes. Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 93(5-6): 181-191.

Vaillant, F. 1990. Propositions pour une révision de la classification des Diptères Psychodidae Psychodinae. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise de Sciences Naturelles 80(2): 141-163.

Vaillant, F. 1991. Sur la position générique et tribale de deux espèces de Diptères Psychodidae Psychodinae. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique 61: 207-209.

Vaillant, F. and L. Botosaneanu 1966. Notes sur les Psychodides (Diptera) des grottes. 91-98.

Vaillant, F. and L. S. W. Terra 1987. Une Psychoda nouvelle du Portugal (Diptera, Psychodidae). L'Entomologiste 43(5): 275-279.

Valerio, C. E. 1984. Insect visitors to the inflorescence of the aroid Dieffenbachia oerstedii (Araceae) in Costa Rica. Brenesia 22: 139-148.

Valerio, C. E. 1988. Notes on phenology and pollination of Xanthosoma wendlandii. Revista de Biologia Tropical 36(1): 55-61.

Valerio, C. E. and E. Villalobos 1980. Polinizacion y eficiencia reproductiva en Anthurium scandens (Araceae). Brenesia 18: 137-146.

van Andel, T. R. 2003. Floristic composition and diversity of three swamp forests in northwest Guyana. Plant Ecology 167: 293-317.

van der Ham, R. W. J. M., G. B. Grob, W. L. A. Hetterscheid, W. Star and V. H. B. J. 2005. Notes on the genus Amorphophallus (Araceae) - 13. Evolution of pollen ornementation and ultrastucture in Amorphophallus and Pseudodracontium. Grana 44: 252-265.

Van der Ham, R. W. J. M., W. L. A. Hetterscheid, B. J. Van Heuven and W. Star (2000). Exine architecture in echinate pollen of Amorphophallus (Araceae) in relation to taxonomy. Pollen and spores: Morphology and Biology. M. M. Harley, C. M. Morton and S. Blackmore. Kew, The Royal Botanical Gardens: 241-248.

van der Ham, R. W. J. M., W. L. A. Hetterscheid and B. J. van Heuven 1998. Notes on the genus Amorphophallus (Araceae) - 8 Pollen morphology of Amophophallus and Pseudodracontium. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology 103: 95-142.

Van der Pijl, L. 1937. Biological and physiological observations on the inflorescence of Amorphophallus. Rec Trav Botanische Neerlendica 34: 157-167.

Van der Pijl, L. 1953. On the flower biology of some plants from Java. Annales Bogorienses 1(2): 77-99.

van Dzu, N. and P. C. Boyce 1999. The genus Amydrium (Araceae: Monsteroideae: Monstereae) with particular reference to Thailand and Indochina. Kew Bulletin 54: 379-393.

Vanlerberghe, G. C. and L. McIntosh 1997. Alternative oxidase: From Gene to Function. Annual Reviews of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 48: 703-734.

Van Tieghem, P. 1866. Recherches sur la structure des Aroidées. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 5ème série, Botanique VI: 72-210.

Vargas, J. H., T. Consiglio, P. M. Jorgensen and T. B. Croat 2004. Modelling distribution patterns in a species-rich plant genus, Anthurium (Araceae), in Ecuador. Diversity and Distributions 10: 211-216.

Verheyen, K. and M. Hermy 2001. The relative importance of dispersal limitation of vascular plants in secondary forest succession in Muizen forest, Belgium. Journal of Ecology 89: 829-840.

Vieira, M. and P. Izar 1999. Interactions between aroids and arboreal mammals in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. Plant Ecology 145: 75-82.

Vignoli, L. 1939. Gametofiti e cromosomi di Ambrosinia Bassii L. Lavori del Reale Instituto Botanico di Palermo 10: 54-80.

Vitt, P., K. E. Holsinger and C. S. Jones 2003. Local differentiation and plasticity in size and sex expression in jack-in-the-pulpit, Arisaema triphyllum (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 90(12): 1729-1735.

Vitt, P. 2001. Gender-related differences in gas exchange rates in the gender-switching species Arisaema triphyllum (Araceae). Rhodora 103(916): 387-404.

Vogel, S. and J. Martens 2000. A survey of the function of the lethal kettle traps of Arisaema (Araceae), with records of pollinating fungus gnats from Nepal. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 133(1): 61-100.

Volk, G. M., V. J. Lynch-Holm, T. A. Kostman, L. J. Goss and V. R. Franceschi 2002. The role of druse and raphide calcium oxalate crystals in tissue calcium regulation in Pistia stratiotes leaves. Plant Biology 4: 34-45.

Vrolik, G. and W. H. de Vriese 1839. Nouvelles expériences sur l'élévation de température du spadie d'une Colocasia odora (Caladium odorum), faites au jardin botanique d'Amsterdam. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Botanique 2ème série, T11: 65-85.

Vrolik, G. and W. H. de Vriese 1840. Nouvelles expériences sur les changements que subit l'atmosphère pendant le développement de la température élevée dans un spadice de Colocasia odora, faites dans le jardin botanique d'Amsterdam. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Botanique série 2, T 14: 358-362.

W

Wada, N. and S. Uemura 2000. Size-dependent flowering behavior and heat production of a sequential hermaphrodite, Symplocarpus renifolius (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 87(10): 1489-1494.

Wagner, A. M., K. Krab, M. J. Wagner and A. L. Moore 2008. Regulation of thermogenesis in flowering Araceae: the role of the alternative oxidase. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics 1777: 993-1000.

Wagner, A. M., M. J. Wagner and A. L. Moore 1998. In vivo ubiquinone reduction levels during thermogenesis in Araceae. Plant Physiology 117: 1501-1506.

Wagner, A. M. and K. Krab 1995. The alternative respiration pathway in plants: role and regulation. Physiologia Plantarum 95: 318-325.

Wagner, R. (1990). Family Psychodidae. Catalogue of Paleartic Diptera. A. Soos and L. Papp. Amsterdam, Elsevier. 2 - Psychodidae - Chironomidae.

Wagner, R. 2001. Contribution to the knowledge of Spanish Psychodidae (Diptera) with description of two new species. Zoologica baetica 12: 83-90.

Walker, D. B., J. Gysi, L. Sternberg and M. J. DeNiro 1983. Direct respiration of lipids during heat production in the inflorescence of Philodendron selloum. Science 220(22 April): 419-421.

Walter, K. S. and H. J. Gillet 1998. 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants. The IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN - The World Conservation Union.

Wanek, W. and K. Pörtl 2005. Phyllosphere nitrogen relations: reciprocal transfer of nitrogen between epiphyllous liverworts and host plants in the understorey of a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica. New Phytologist 166: 577-588.

Wang, W. and N.-X. Zhao 2002. Pollen morphology of the Araceae from China. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 40(6): 517-529.

Wang, Y.-H. and C. Augspurger 2004. Dwarf palms and cyclanths strongly reduce Neotropical seedling recruitment. Oikos 107: 619-633.

Wania, R., P. Hietz and W. Wanek 2002. Natural 15N abundance of epiphytes depends on the position within the forest canopy: source signals and isotope fractionation. Plant Cell and Environment 25: 581-589.

Weber, M., H. Halbritter and M. Hesse 1998. The spiny pollen wall in Sauromatum (Araceae) - with special reference to the endexine. International Journal of Plant Sciences 159(5): 744-749.

Weber, M., H. Halbritter and M. Hesse 1999. The basic pollen wall types in Araceae. International Journal of Plant Sciences 160(2): 415-423.

Weber, M. and H.-M. Halbritter 2007. Exploding pollen in Montrichardia arborescens (Araceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 263: 51-57.

Wedding, R. T., C. C. McCready and J. L. Harley 1973. Cyanide sensitivity of respiration during ageing of Arum spadix slices. New Phytologist 72: 15-26.

Wedding, R. T., C. C. McCready and J. L. Harley 1973. Inhibition and stimulation of the respiration of Arum mitochondria by cyanide and its relation to the coupling of oxidation and phosphorylation. New Phytologist 72: 1-13.

Wedding, R. T., C. C. McCready and J. L. Harley 1975. Changing patterns in the response to cyanide of Arum mitochondria oxidizing malate and other subtrates. New Phytologist 74: 1-17.

Wedding, R. T., M. K. Black and J. L. Harley 1978. Metabolic pools in the spadix of Arum during floral development. New Phytologist 81: 211-222.

Wen, J., R. K. Jansen and K. Kilgore 1996. Evolution of the eastern Asian and eastern north American disjunct genus Symplocarpus (Araceae): insights from chloroplast DNA restriction site data. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 24(7/8): 735-747.

Wenk, P. (1981). Bionomics of adult blackflies. Blackflies. The future for biological methods in integrated control. M. Laird, Academic Press: 259-271.

Weryszko-Chmielewska, E. and M. Stpiczynska 1995. Osmophores of Amorphophallus rivieri Durieu (Araceae). Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 64(2): 121-129.

Wheeler, G. S., T. K. Van and T. D. Center 1998. Fecundity and egg distribution of the herbivore Spodoptera pectinicornis as influenced by quality of the floating aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 86: 295-304.

Wheeler, G. S. and M. D. Halpern 1999. Compensatory responses of Samea multiplicalis larvae when fed leaves of different fertilization levels of the aquatic weed Pistia stratiotes. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 92: 205-216.

Wheeler, M. R. 1969. A note on the genus Drosophilella Duda (Diptera; Drosophilidae). Pacific Science XXIII(4 (October)): 544-545.

Whigham, D. F., R. L. Simpson and M. A. Leck 1979. The distribution of seeds, seedlings, and established plants of Arrow Arum (Peltandra virginica (L.) Kunth) in a freshwater tidal wetland. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 106(3): 193-199.

Williams, C. A., J. B. Harborne and S. J. Mayo 1981. Anthocyanin pigments and leaf flavonoids in the family Araceae. Phytochemistry 20: 217-234.

Williams, G. and P. Adam 1999. Pollen sculpture in subtropical rain forest plants: is wind pollination more common than previously suspected? Biotropica 31(3): 520-524.

Williams, N. H. and R. L. Dressler 1976. Euglossine pollination of Spathiphyllum (Araceae). Selbyana 1: 349-356.

Willson, M. F. and P. E. Hennon 1997. The natural history of western skunk cabbage (Lysichiton americanum) in southeast Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany 75: 1022-1025.

Withers, P. 1988. Revisionary notes on british species of Psychoda Latreille (Diptera, Psychodidae) including new synonyms and a species new to science. British Journal of Entomological Natural History 1: 69-76.

Withers, P. 1989. Roth flies. Diptera: Psychodidae. Dipterists Digest 4: 1-83.

Withers, P. 2005. New records of Psychodidae (Diptera) for Switzerland. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 112(1): 183-188.

Wolf, J. H. D. and A. Flamenco 2003. Patterns in species richness and distribution of vascular epiphytes in Chiapas, Mexico. Journal of Biogeography 30: 1689-1707.

Wong, S. Y., J. Tan Pei, K. K. Ng, A. A. Othman, L. H. B., F. B. Ahmad and P. C. Boyce 2013. Phylogeny of Asian Homalomena (Araceae) based on the ITS region combined with morphological and chemical data. Systematic Botany 38(3): 589-599.

Wong, S. Y., P. C. Boyce, A. S. bin Othman and L. C. Pin 2010. Molecular phylogeny of tribe Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) based on two plastid markers and recognition of a new tribe, Philonotieae, from the neotropics. Taxon 59(1): 117-124.

Wong, S. Y. 2010. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XII: Three new species of Schismatoglottis in the Multifora group. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 61(2): 527-540.

Wong, S. Y. and P. C. Boyce 2007. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo II: Aridarum crassum, a new species from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 58(2): 279-286.

Wong, S. Y. and P. C. Boyce 2007. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo V: Preliminary ecological observations of Schismatoglottis (Araceae: Schismatoglottideae) on the Matang Massif. Aroideana 30: 71-81.

Wong, S. Y. and P. C. Boyce 2008. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo III: Schismatoglottis confinis, a putative sister taxon to Schismatoglottis bauensis from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 60(1): 155-163.

Wong, S. Y. and P. C. Boyce 2010. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo IX: A new genus, Hestia, and resurrection of Apoballis. Botanical Studies 51: 249-255.

Wong, S. Y. and P. C. Boyce 2010. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo X. Pichinia, a new genus from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 61(2): 541-548.

Wong, S. Y. and P. C. Boyce 2010. Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XI: Ooia, a new genus, and a new generic delimitation for Piptospatha. Botanical Studies 51: 543-552.

Y

Yadav, S. R. 1998. Adaptive significance of phenology and spadix architecture in Araceae of Western Ghats of India. Acta Botanica Yunnanica Suppl. X: 31-40.

Yafuso, M., F. Sultana, T. Sasaki and M. J. Toda 2000. A new species of Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Entomological Science 3(1): 115-119.

Yafuso, M., M. J. Toda and D. T. Sembel 2008. Arengomyia, new genus for the Colocasiomyia arenga species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with description of a new species. Entomological Science 11: 391-400.

Yafuso, M. 1993. Thermogenesis of Alocasia odora (Araceae) and the role of Colocasiomyia flies (Diptera: Drosophilidae) as cross-pollinators. Environmental Entomology 22(3): 601-606.

Yafuso, M. 1994. Life history traits related to resource partitioning between synhospitalic species of Colocasiomyia (Diptera, Drosophilidae) breeding in inflorescences of Alocasia odora (Araceae). Ecological Entomology 19: 65-73.

Yafuso, M. 1999. Larval performance and niche separation between two synhospitalic species of Colocasiomyia (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Mem Fac Sci Kyoto Univ (Ser Biol) 16: 119-126.

Yafuso, M. and T. Okada 1990. Complicated routes of the synhospitalic pairs of the genus Colocasiomyia in Java, with descriptions of two new species (Diptera, Drosophilidae). ESAKIA 1: 137-150.

Yang, J., J. Lovett-Doust and L. Lovett-Doust 1999. Seed germination patterns in green dragon (Arisaema dracontium, Araceae). American Journal of Botany 86(8): 1160-1167.

Yeargan, K. V. and L. W. Quate 1996. Juvenile bolas spiders attract psychodid flies. Oecologia 106: 266-271.

Yeargan, K. V. and L. W. Quate 1997. Adult male bolas spiders retain juvenile hunting tactics. Oecologia 112: 572-576.

Yi, T.-S. and D.-Z. Li 2005. Chromosome variation in the genus Pinellia (Araceae) in China and Japan. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 147: 449-455.

Yong, H. S. 1993. Flowers of Spathiphyllum cannaefolium (Araceae): A male fruit-fly attractant of the methyl eugenol type. Nature Malaysiana 18(2): 61-63.

Young, H. J. (1990). Pollination and reproductive biology of an understory Neotropical aroid. Reproductive ecology of tropical forest plants. K. S. Bawa and M. Hadley. 17: 151-164.

Young, H. J. 1986. Beetle pollination of Dieffenbachia longispatha (Araceae). American Journal of Botany 73(6): 931-944.

Young, H. J. 1988. Differential importance of beetles species pollinating Dieffenbachia longispatha (Araceae). Ecology 69(3): 832-844.

Young, H. J. 1988. Neighborhood size in a beetle pollinated tropical aroid: effects of low density and asynchronous flowering. Oecologia 76: 461-466.

Z

Zetter, R., M. Hesse and A. Frosch-Radivo 2001. Early Eocene zona-aperturate pollen grains of the Proxapertites type with affinity to Araceae. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology 117: 267-279.

Zhou, C.-M., C. Yao, H.-L. Sun, S.-X. Qiu and G.-Y. Cui 1991. Volatile constituents of the rhizome of Homalomena occulta. Planta Medica 57: 391-392.

Zhu, G. and T. B. Croat 2004. Revision of Dracontium (Araceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 91: 593-667.

Zotz, G., P. Bermejo and H. Dietz 1999. The epiphyte vegetation of Annona glabra on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Journal of Biogeography 26: 761-776.

Zotz, G. and B. Vollrath 2003. The epiphyte vegetation of the palm Socratea exorrhiza - correlations with tree size, tree age and bryophyte cover. Journal of Tropical Ecology 19: 81-90.

Zotz, G. and H. Ziegler 1997. The occurrence of crassulacean acid metabolism among vascular epiphytes from Central Panama. New Phytologist 137: 223-229.